164 | id == 164
164 | category_id == 16
164 | category_order == 13
164 | category_name == Gut Health
164 | category_color == #C47AC0
164 | slug == KLB-IBS
164 | title == What is the Connection Between β-Klotho and Gut Inflammation?
164 | meta_description == β-klotho regulates the production of bile and how long it takes for digested food to pass through the gut. Can it cause IBS-D?
164 | summary == <p><strong>&beta;-klotho regulates the production of bile and how long it takes for digested food to pass through the gut. Does it affect the development of IBS-D? Read on to learn more.</strong></p>
164 | overall_score_text == Your overall score
164 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/KLB--Gut-Inflammation-IBS.jpg
164 | author_id == 1
164 | author_name == Jasmine Foster
164 | author_title == BSc, BEd
164 | author_order == 36
164 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Jasmine.jpg
164 | author_intro == <p><strong>Jasmine received her BS from McGill University and her BEd from Vancouver Island University.</strong></p>    <p>Jasmine loves helping people understand their brains and bodies, a passion that grew out of her dual background in biology and education. From the chem lab to the classroom, everyone has the right to learn and make informed decisions about their health.</p>
164 | reviewer == None
164 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
164 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
164 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
164 | publish_date == 2020
164 | publish_date == 4
164 | publish_date == 28
164 | avg_rating == 5.0
164 | tags_id == 395
164 | tags_name == Beta-Klotho
164 | tags_id == 398
164 | tags_name == Bile Acids
164 | tags_id == 311
164 | tags_name == Diarrhea
164 | tags_id == 183
164 | tags_name == Diet
164 | tags_id == 297
164 | tags_name == Dietary fat
164 | tags_id == 194
164 | tags_name == Gut Health
164 | tags_id == 308
164 | tags_name == Gut Inflammation
164 | tags_id == 8
164 | tags_name == IBS
164 | tags_id == 396
164 | tags_name == KLB Gene
164 | tags_id == 397
164 | tags_name == Klotho
164 | permissions_favorite == False
164 | permissions_rate == False
164 | content_article == <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">What is &beta;-Klotho?</span></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Beta-klotho (&beta;-klotho) is one of the three subtypes of klotho protein, the other being alpha-klotho (&alpha;-klotho). &alpha;-klotho is the better-known of the two, </span><a href="../article/klotho-longevity-96"><span style="font-weight: 400;">especially as it relates to longevity</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109206/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">&beta;-klotho activates a growth factor called </span><a href="../article/fgf21-fat-keto-diet-112"><span style="font-weight: 400;">FGF21</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, regulates the production of some sex hormones (gonadotropins), and appears to protect against heart disease. It also plays a role in the regulation of fat, though researchers currently do not know whether it is protective or potentially harmful in fatty tissues [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6323445"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623842/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5396514/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877817300972"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">&beta;-Klotho, Bile Acids &amp; Digestion</span></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Much of &beta;-klotho&rsquo;s effect on the gut appears to be tied to the production and release of bile. Mice without a functioning &beta;-klotho gene produce more bile than normal, and the composition of their bile acids changes. In humans, increased stability of the &beta;-klotho protein is associated with reduced bile production [</span><a href="https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpendo.00182.2018"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109206/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The main function of bile is to help digest dietary fats. It is produced by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091928/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Normally, bile is reabsorbed by the intestinal wall as digested food moves through the gut. However, some digestive disorders&mdash;including bile acid malabsorption (BAM) and diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D)&mdash;may prevent the reabsorption of bile acids. In these disorders, the excess bile acid seems to make digested food pass through the gut more quickly, leading to diarrhea [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5401790/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">&beta;-klotho regulates the release of bile and therefore has an effect on the digestion of fats. Lower &beta;-klotho has been associated with food passing through the gut more quickly.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">KLB Variants and Gut Transit</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">One study found a link between the </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">KLB</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene and the amount of time it takes for digested food to travel through the intestines [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109206/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">At rs17618244, the more common &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele codes for a less stable protein than the uncommon &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele. The &lsquo;A&rsquo; version&rsquo;s increased stability appears to result in less bile acid being delivered into the gut, leading to food spending more time in the intestine [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109206/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">People with IBS-D and the &lsquo;GG&rsquo; genotype had the shortest transit time (time taken to pass food through the digestive tract) when compared to healthy people, people with other types of IBS, and people with different genotypes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109206/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;GG&rsquo; genotype is very common&mdash;about 72% of the world&rsquo;s population has it&mdash;so don&rsquo;t assume you have IBS based on this gene alone! Genetic predispositions to disease tend to come from many genes and SNPs interacting, not just one.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The common &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele at rs17618244 produces a less stable &beta;-klotho protein than the less common &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele. The &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele has been linked to IBS-D.</span></p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Your KLB Results for Gut Inflammation</span></h2> <p>*8535984356589987*</p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">SNP Summary and Table</span></h3> <p><strong>KLB rs17618244</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Associated with IBS-D; less stable &beta;-klotho protein, more bile acid released, shorter gut transit</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Not associated with IBS-D; more stable &beta;-klotho protein, less bile acid released, longer gut transit</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">About 72% of all people worldwide have the &lsquo;GG&rsquo; genotype.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;GG&rsquo; genotype is most common among people of African descent (90%).</span></li> </ul> <p>*2631045702282053*</p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Recommendations to Prevent Diarrhea</span></h2> <p>*4241724680260519*</p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diet</span></h3> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Adjust Dietary Fat Levels</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Bile is released when we eat fatty foods. We do not currently know whether dietary fats affect &beta;-klotho expression, but a low-fat diet may reduce bile production and increase the amount of time that it takes for digested food to pass through the gut [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6301937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5467063/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many doctors and dietitians recommend a low-fat diet for patients with IBS-D. In observational studies and small clinical trials, increased dietary fat induced symptoms in IBS-D patients [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6423692/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you have IBS-D, you can try adjusting your dietary fat levels to see it helps symptoms.</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Choosing Healthy Fats</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Even people on a low-fat diet need to eat some dietary fats. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, which include omega-3s) may be the best choice; they have been found to increase &beta;-klotho in mice [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28371258"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In cells, omega-3 PUFAs also stimulate the breakdown of bile acids and reduce the expression of other genes that promote bile production [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907406/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Your doctor or dietitian can help you develop an ideal diet for your situation, but omega-3 PUFAs are among the safest and healthiest dietary fats for IBS-D.</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Avoid Simple or Refined Sugars</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a mouse study, glucose (one of the basic subunits of sugar) represses the expression of &beta;-klotho, possibly increasing bile production [</span><a href="https://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/62/11/3751.short"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Glucose is not usually implicated in IBS; a different simple sugar, fructose, is more often considered a potential villain. However, if you have IBS-D and potentially reduced &beta;-klotho production, you may want to reduce your intake of sugar - both fructose and glucose [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5467063/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fortunately, reducing glucose intake is generally considered a healthy diet choice for other reasons, as well [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/prediabetes-insulin-resistance"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Dietary interventions seem to have the most potential to help correct problems related to &beta;-klotho. Reducing total dietary fat, choosing healthy fats, and avoiding simple or refined sugars may reduce the symptoms of IBS-D.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Drugs</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While there are no known drugs that increase or stabilize &beta;-klotho directly, there are drugs that bind to bile, such as cholestyramine. These are typically prescribed to reduce cholesterol, but they may be used off-label to treat bile acid malabsorption [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17298762"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you are suffering from IBS-D and you have the &lsquo;GG&rsquo; genotype of rs17618244, you may want to ask your doctor if you might have bile acid malabsorption or a similar digestive disorder. Do not take cholestyramine or any other prescription medication without your doctor&rsquo;s instruction.</span></p>
164 | content_snp_table_8535984356589987_key == 8535984356589987
164 | content_snp_table_8535984356589987_blur == True
164 | content_snp_table_8535984356589987_hidden == False
164 | content_learn_more_2631045702282053_key == 2631045702282053
164 | content_learn_more_2631045702282053_blur == True
164 | content_learn_more_2631045702282053_hidden == False
164 | content_learn_more_2631045702282053_text == SHOULD NOT APPEAR
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164 | content_recommendation_4241724680260519_blur == True
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rsIDs = rs17618244
rsStatus = rs17618244,KLB,chr4,39446909,G,A,,,23,19,HET
