172 | id == 172
172 | category_id == 16
172 | category_order == 13
172 | category_name == Gut Health
172 | category_color == #C47AC0
172 | slug == NOS1-Gut-Inflammation
172 | title == Can this Gene Cause Indigestion? (NOS1)
172 | meta_description == NOS1 produces nitric oxide, which may help prevent indigestion. Learn where your NOS1 variant stands here.
172 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The NOS1 gene produces nitric oxide (NO), which acts as a neurotransmitter in brain and nerve cells. In the digestive system, this helps relax the muscles and prevent conditions such as indigestion. Read below to learn about the potential effects of your NOS1 variants on your digestive system.</strong><br />  &nbsp;</p>
172 | overall_score_text == Indigestion Score (based on NOS1 gene)
172 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/NOS1--Gut-Inflammation-Dyspepsia.jpg
172 | author_id == 12
172 | author_name == Carlos Tello
172 | author_title == PhD
172 | author_order == 55
172 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/CarlosTello.webp
172 | author_intro == <p><strong>Carlos received his PhD and MS from the Universidad de Sevilla.</strong></p>    <p>Carlos spent 9 years in the laboratory investigating mineral transport in plants. He then started working as a freelancer, mainly in science writing, editing, and consulting. Carlos is passionate about learning the mechanisms behind biological processes and communicating science to both academic and non-academic audiences. He strongly believes that scientific literacy is crucial to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid falling for scams.</p>
172 | author_social_media_name == linkedin
172 | author_social_media_icon == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/social-icon/linkedin.png
172 | author_social_order == 1
172 | author_social_link == https://www.linkedin.com/in/carlos-tello-lacal-b946b4a7/
172 | reviewer == None
172 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
172 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
172 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
172 | publish_date == 2020
172 | publish_date == 5
172 | publish_date == 4
172 | avg_rating == 5.0
172 | tags_id == 408
172 | tags_name == Achalasia
172 | tags_id == 194
172 | tags_name == Gut Health
172 | tags_id == 308
172 | tags_name == Gut Inflammation
172 | tags_id == 407
172 | tags_name == Indigestion
172 | tags_id == 24
172 | tags_name == Inflammation
172 | tags_id == 173
172 | tags_name == NO
172 | tags_id == 406
172 | tags_name == NOS1 gene
172 | permissions_favorite == False
172 | permissions_rate == False
172 | content_article == <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">This article is for informational purposes only. None of the information here should be taken as medical advice. If you suspect you may have any digestive issues, seek medical help immediately. </span></em><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that these results are based on association studies, which are correlative and aren&rsquo;t necessarily causative. In addition, any single genetic variant will typically contribute only a small proportion to the overall risk of the condition, and non-genetic factors play a large role in developing a condition as well. Therefore, just because you have one of these genotypes does not necessarily mean you are at increased risk of developing this condition!</span></em></p> <h2><strong>What Is the <em>NOS1 </em>Gene?</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/nos2/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> codes for a protein also called NOS1, short for &lsquo;nitric oxide synthase 1&rsquo;. NOS1 produces the messenger molecule nitric </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">oxide </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(NO) from the amino acid </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/l-arginine/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">arginine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, just like its two close relatives (</span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/nos2/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS2</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/nos3/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS3</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10320659/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As opposed to </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS2</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">, whose production is triggered in response to inflammatory cytokines, both </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">and </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">are permanently expressed (and thus called </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">constitutive </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15172174"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC508408/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">is mainly found in brain and nerve cells, which is why it&rsquo;s often called </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">neuronal </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS (nNOS). In the nervous system, NOS1-derived NO acts as a messenger molecule involved in signal transmission, release of other neurotransmitters, brain plasticity, and blood flow [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7516125"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12773630"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">is also expressed in the muscles, heart, kidneys, and blood vessel lining, where it has mainly been suggested to sustain blood flow [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7527495/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC15192/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7539586/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15522271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2984617/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h3><strong>Nitric Oxide in the Digestive System</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 activation in the major nerve supply to the digestive tract stimulates the release of NO into the gut. By acting as an inhibitory messenger of a certain type of nerve cells (non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic), NO promotes the relaxation of the digestive muscles and facilitates swallowing, stomach emptying, and intestinal transit [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12768383"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11472246"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While eating, the stomach relaxes its muscles to allow sufficient space for food and liquid storage (this is called </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">accommodation</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">). Failure to do so is associated with indigestion and loss of appetite. Studies in humans and animals found that NO blocks the nerve cells that tighten these muscles, thus promoting stomach accommodation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1773301/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1773317/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1675430"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8366253"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Low NO activity was also associated with a condition that causes swallowing difficulties because the muscle that closes off the esophagus from the stomach fails to relax (achalasia) in a small study on 14 people [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7508398/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Studies in mice found that NOS1 rather than NOS3 is the enzyme that supplies NO for the proper relaxation of the muscles in the upper part of the stomach [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10444441/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11438492/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10559836"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes a protein that produces nitric </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">oxide </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(NO). This molecule relaxes the muscles in the digestive tract, thus facilitating swallowing, stomach emptying, and intestinal transit.</span></span></p> <h2><strong><em>NOS1 </em>and Digestive Issues</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The most widely-studied </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">polymorphism is </span><a href="../../snp/rs2682826/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs2682826</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, located in a region associated with gene expression [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12490535/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a study on over 250 people, its minor allele &lsquo;A&rsquo; was associated with indigestion (functional dyspepsia) and a higher degree of fullness after eating [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114042"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another study on over 500 people associated this variant with achalasia [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4496906/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although the effects of this variant on NOS1 activity haven&rsquo;t been investigated, the location of the polymorphism and the role of NO in the relaxation of digestive muscles suggest that the &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele reduces </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">expression [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12768383"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11472246"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The variant is also more common among people with major </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/natural-treatments-depression/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">depression</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and suicidal behavior, two conditions that have been associated with lower NOS1 levels in the brain [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26812915"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30900130"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2923201/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22989585"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">variant that possibly reduces NOS1 levels has been associated with indigestion and achalasia.&nbsp;</span></span></p> <h2><strong>Your <em>NOS1 </em>Results for Gut Inflammation</strong></h2> <p>*3288943778077124*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3><strong>SNP Summary and Table</strong></h3> <p><strong>Primary SNP: </strong><strong><em>NOS1 </em></strong><strong>rs2682826</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Not associated with digestive issues.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Associated with indigestion, increased fullness after eating, and achalasia.</span></li> </ul> <h3><strong>Population Frequency</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele is clearly more common than &lsquo;A&rsquo; and approximately 56% of the world population is &lsquo;GG&rsquo; (versus only 7% being &lsquo;AA&rsquo;).&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although the distribution is relatively similar among the different ethnicities, the &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele is slightly more common in European and East Asian descendants, and less in people with an African background.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>*5149266394627448*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Strategies that May Improve Your Gut Inflammation</strong></h2> <p>*7210859238169396*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">You may try the complementary approaches listed below if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate for you. Discuss the strategies listed here with your doctor. Remember that none of them should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes.</span></em></p> <h3><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Giving Up Smoking</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a study on 32 people diagnosed with bowel cancer, those who smoked had lower NOS1 levels and NO production in their blood vessels. A study of mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke found similar results [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32109572"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4619638/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cigarette smoke also activates the enzymes (arginases) that take away the fuel (arginine) used by NOS enzymes to create NO [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391310/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, smoking has been associated with an increased incidence of upper digestive disorders such as indigestion and GERD [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147201"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25034636"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Whether you have digestive issues or not, abandoning this habit will certainly improve your overall health.</span></p> <h4><strong>Exercise</strong></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Exercise </span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">increased NOS1 production and activity in the muscles of humans and rats [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17459909/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12573984/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30878404"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Adding to its numerous health effects, moderate exercise improved stomach emptying in a trial on 30 people while physical inactivity has been associated with indigestion [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5018576/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32228173"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><strong>Avoiding Excess Alcohol</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In rats and mice, chronic consumption of alcohol lowered the production of NOS1 in the digestive system by increasing the death of the nerve cells involved in this process. It was also associated with reduced muscle relaxation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22818204"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20648573"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21470341"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While moderate alcohol consumption hasn&rsquo;t been clearly associated with digestive disorders, its abuse may cause and worsen them, especially indigestion [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29195674"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Everyone has a different threshold of alcohol that is healthy for them. If you're experiencing digestive issues, we recommend cutting alcohol out if you have negative </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">genetic variants.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Giving up smoking, doing moderate exercise, and drinking less alcohol may increase </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> activity while reducing gut inflammation.</span></span></p> <h3><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Avoiding Trigger Foods</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many people report that certain foods either aggravate or alleviate their indigestion symptoms. If you experience symptoms after eating certain foods, we recommend discussing these foods with your doctor. You may then be advised to avoid them, or at least to keep a meal diary to track the intensity of your symptoms relative to the foods you eat [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293796/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some reported trigger foods include [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293796/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Carbonated beverages (soft drinks)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Coffee</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Legumes (beans, lentils)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Processed meat (sausage, cured meat)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Beef</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Pasta</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Oranges</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Onions</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mayonnaise</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cabbage</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Whole grains</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Avoiding fatty foods may be especially beneficial, since high-fat diets caused the death of NOS1-producing nerve cells and reduced digestive motility in animal studies [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25330870"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/25722087/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3964207/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3890396/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><strong>Foods Rich in NO Precursors</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Watermelon is very rich in the non-essential amino acid </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/health-benefits-of-l-citrulline/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">citrulline</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, which the body can use to make NO&rsquo;s precursor arginine. Other citrulline sources include melons, pumpkins, and cucumbers. More directly, arginine-rich foods include chickpeas, peanuts, soybeans, lentils, turkey, or pork loin [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27749691"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20386132"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23075551"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Similarly, foods that contain nitrates can potentially increase nitric oxide. Nitrates get converted to nitrites, which are then converted into nitric oxide in the body. Vegetables are rich in nitrates and roughly supply 80% of these compounds [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19439460"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Beetroot is the most famous nitrate-rich food. Some other nitrate sources include [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5412236/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Leafy greens</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Celery</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Broccoli</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Chinese cabbage</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Turnips</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cucumbers</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Carrots</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cauliflower</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/pomegranate/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Pomegranate</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> juice</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Avoiding possible indigestion triggers and eating foods that supply building blocks for NO production may help reduce indigestion in people with </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">underactive variants.</span></span></p> <h3><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Methylfolate and Vitamin C</strong></h4> <p><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/tetrahydrobiopterin-bh4-role-body-buy/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tetrahydrobiopterin</span></em></a><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/tetrahydrobiopterin-bh4-role-body-buy/"><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (</span></a><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/tetrahydrobiopterin-bh4-role-body-buy/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">BH4</span></a><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/tetrahydrobiopterin-bh4-role-body-buy/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">)</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is essential for the function of NOS enzymes. In a few studies, middle-aged and elderly people who took BH4 had improved vasodilation and circulation, which the authors attributed to NOS3-derived NO [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16585403"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5625172/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In rats, BH4 promoted stomach emptying by stimulating NOS1 activity [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2867432/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23639814"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Supplements that could increase BH4 availability, such as </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/l-methylfolate-health-benefits/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">methylfolate</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/need-know-vitamin-c-32-science-based-health-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">vitamin C</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, are promising subjects for additional research [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5625172/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11243424"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><strong>Probiotics</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/probiotics-good-bacteria/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">probiotic</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> strain </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/l-fermentum/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lactobacillus fermentum</span></em></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">relieved stomach injuries caused by alcohol in mice, at least in part by increasing NOS1 activity. This microbe also relieved digestive conditions such as </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/ibd-ulcerative-colitis-crohn-genetics-lifestyle-stress-infections/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IBD</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and constipation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4808883/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17150273"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284683/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Prodefen Plus is a commercial probiotic with different species of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lactobacillus </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(</span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/l-rhamnosus/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">L. rhamnosus</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/l-casei/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">L. casei</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/l-acidophilus/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">L. acidophilus</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/l-delbrueckii/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">L. delbrueckii</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">), </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Bifidobacterium </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(</span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/b-breve/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">B. breve</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/b-longum/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">B. longum</span></em></a><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/b-longum/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> subsp. infantis</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">), and </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Streptococcus </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(</span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/s-thermophilus/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">S. thermophilus</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">).&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In rats with metabolic syndrome caused by a </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/low-carb-diet-vs-high-carb-diet/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">high-fat diet</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the probiotic lowered blood pressure by restoring NOS1 activity. In a clinical trial on 85 children with viral diarrhea, Profeden Plus enhanced the effectiveness of the treatment [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019517/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5308530/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Probiotics are being investigated as a new strategy to restore imbalances in the </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/how-your-gut-microbiota-can-make-you-fat-or-thin/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">gut microbiota</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that may impair intestinal function and cause indigestion [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784469"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><strong>Herbal Supplements</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In rats and mice, the following herbal supplements prevented digestive conditions such as stomach injuries, constipation, and even cancer by increasing NOS1 activity:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/quercetin-22-scientifically-proven-benefits-quercetin/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Quercetin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2712860/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22878915"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/salvia-miltiorrhiza-red-sage/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Red sage</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (salvianolic acid A) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27273366"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cape jasmine [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27435384"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Kuding tea polyphenols [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29485160"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/aloe-vera-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Aloe vera</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21286662"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Note, however, that none of them has been proven to boost NOS1 activity in humans.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Probiotics, substances that increase BH4 availability, and some herbal supplements may reduce digestive issues by increasing NOS1 activity. However, more clinical research is needed.</span></p>
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172 | content_learn_more_3288943778077124_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your NOS1 increases your risk of gut issues such as indigestion and achalasia. However, this doesn’t necessarily reflect your potential risk of these conditions — just one gene related to it. A healthy lifestyle and diet may help. Keep reading to find out more.
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