188 | id == 188
188 | category_id == 16
188 | category_order == 13
188 | category_name == Gut Health
188 | category_color == #C47AC0
188 | slug == ETS1-Celiac-Disease
188 | title == Can This Gene Cause Celiac Disease? (ETS1)
188 | meta_description == The ETS1 gene encodes a protein that controls immune cell develo
188 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The ETS1 gene encodes a protein that turns &lsquo;on&rsquo; and &lsquo;off&rsquo; multiple genes, including those involved in the development of immune cells. Variants of this gene have been associated with celiac disease and other immune conditions. Read on to learn where your ETS1 variant stands.</strong></p>
188 | overall_score_text == Celiac Disease Score (based on ETS1 gene)
188 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/ETS1--Gut-Inflammation-Celiac-all-chips_1.jpg
188 | author_id == 12
188 | author_name == Carlos Tello
188 | author_title == PhD
188 | author_order == 55
188 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/CarlosTello.webp
188 | author_intro == <p><strong>Carlos received his PhD and MS from the Universidad de Sevilla.</strong></p>    <p>Carlos spent 9 years in the laboratory investigating mineral transport in plants. He then started working as a freelancer, mainly in science writing, editing, and consulting. Carlos is passionate about learning the mechanisms behind biological processes and communicating science to both academic and non-academic audiences. He strongly believes that scientific literacy is crucial to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid falling for scams.</p>
188 | author_social_media_name == linkedin
188 | author_social_media_icon == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/social-icon/linkedin.png
188 | author_social_order == 1
188 | author_social_link == https://www.linkedin.com/in/carlos-tello-lacal-b946b4a7/
188 | reviewer == None
188 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
188 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
188 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
188 | publish_date == 2020
188 | publish_date == 5
188 | publish_date == 18
188 | avg_rating == 5.0
188 | tags_id == 33
188 | tags_name == Autoimmunity
188 | tags_id == 213
188 | tags_name == Celiac Disease
188 | tags_id == 439
188 | tags_name == ETS1 Gene
188 | tags_id == 308
188 | tags_name == Gut Inflammation
188 | tags_id == 440
188 | tags_name == Th17 Cells
188 | tags_id == 435
188 | tags_name == Th1 Cells
188 | tags_id == 104
188 | tags_name == Tregs
188 | permissions_favorite == False
188 | permissions_rate == False
188 | content_article == <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">This article is for informational purposes only. None of the information here should be taken as medical advice. If you suspect you may have celiac disease, seek medical help immediately. </span></em><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that these results are based on association studies, which are correlative and aren&rsquo;t necessarily causative. In addition, any single genetic variant will typically contribute only a small proportion to the overall risk of the condition, and non-genetic factors play a large role in developing a condition as well. Therefore, just because you have one of these genotypes does not necessarily mean you are at increased risk of developing this condition!</span></em></p> <h2><strong>What Is the <em>ETS1 </em>Gene?</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="../../gene/ets1/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes a protein also called ETS1, which is short for &lsquo;E26 transformation-specific sequence 1&rsquo;. Just as the other 27 members of the ETS family, ETS1 binds to DNA to turn &lsquo;on&rsquo; and &lsquo;off&rsquo; the expression of multiple genes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3636162/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">is mainly expressed in the bone marrow and thymus, as well as in immune cells produced by these tissues such as T cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells. ETS1 promotes the development and activity of the following cell types, while reducing their death [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2448555/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC369111/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3636162/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7566176"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Th1 [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2213045/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Th2 [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2809820/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">CD8+ [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806616/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tregs [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2947068/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NK [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3389314/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9806641"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NKT [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10706669"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In contrast, it prevents the development of Th17 and B cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2118518/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082765/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3911503/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 is also involved in the production of different cytokines and chemokines by these and other cell types, as well as in the activation of cytokine-related pathways [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20378371"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene encodes a protein that turns &lsquo;on&rsquo; and &lsquo;off&rsquo; the expression of different genes. ETS1 plays a key role in the immune system by controlling the development, function, and survival of immune cells.</span></span></p> <h3><strong>What Is Celiac Disease?</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Celiac disease is an immune disorder triggered in response to gluten, a protein found in grains such as wheat, barley, and rye. The immune cells recognize gluten as a threat and mount an aggressive inflammatory response that damages the small intestine and causes digestive issues and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/nutrient-deficiencies/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">nutrient deficiencies</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> due to poor absorption [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5437500/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/celiac-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20352220"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">More specifically, the activation of CD4+ T cells by gluten causes their development into Th1 cells and the release of inflammatory cytokines such as </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/interferon-gamma-how-to-increase-decrease-high-low-levels/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IFN-&gamma;</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/il21/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IL-21</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4481430/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5988122/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1382937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20571486/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Other immune cells such as CD8+ and Th17 cells can also recognize gluten and trigger inflammation in response to this protein [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12594302"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21206487/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The contribution of ETS1 to celiac disease may be due to its role in the development of any of these cell types.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Celiac disease is a disorder in which the immune system causes inflammation and damages the small intestine in response to gluten, a protein found in most grains. ETS1 may be involved in celiac disease through its role in the development of Th1, CD8+, and Th17 cells.</span></p> <h2><strong><em>ETS1 </em>Variants and Immune Conditions</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The only </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">polymorphism associated with celiac disease is </span><a href="../../snp/rs11221332/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs11221332</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. A computer program predicted that the &lsquo;T&rsquo; variant may alter the protein production process, and possibly ETS1 levels and activity [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23101665"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a European study on British, Finnish, Dutch, and Italian populations, the minor allele was one of the variants associated with celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2847618/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In contrast, this variant protected against rheumatoid arthritis in a Greek study. Because a more recent Chinese study failed to replicate this result, the authors concluded that ethnic differences may play a key role in this association [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23101665"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4524679/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;T&rsquo; variant didn&rsquo;t increase susceptibility to an autoimmune disease of the liver (primary biliary cirrhosis) in a Chinese study, but carriers had two blood markers of this condition (high total protein and HDL-cholesterol levels) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6927954/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Illustrating the role of the </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene in immune function, other polymorphisms have been associated with the following conditions:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lupus (</span><a href="../../snp/rs1128334/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs1128334</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="../../snp/rs6590330/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs6590330</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="../../snp/rs10893872/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs10893872</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and rs7932088) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19838193/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19838193"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2820522/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rheumatoid arthritis (</span><a href="../../snp/rs73013527/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs73013527</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4524679/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ankylosing spondylitis (</span><a href="../../snp/rs1128334/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs1128334</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4060494/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Primary biliary cirrhosis (</span><a href="../../snp/rs4937333/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs4937333</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6927954/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Psoriasis (</span><a href="../../snp/rs3802826/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs3802826</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3510312/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">An </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">variant that possibly reduces the levels of the protein has been associated with an increased risk of celiac disease. The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene is also involved in other immune diseases.</span></span></p> <h2><strong>Your <em>ETS1 </em>Results for Celiac Disease</strong></h2> <p>*7276946416964214*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3><strong>SNP Summary and Table</strong></h3> <p><strong>Primary SNP: </strong><strong><em>ETS1 </em></strong><strong>rs11221332</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Normal risk of celiac disease.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Increased risk of celiac disease.</span></li> </ul> <h3><strong>Population Frequency</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele is clearly more abundant and 73% of the world population carries two copies versus only 3% of non-carriers.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele is even less common in African and East Asian descendants (less than 1% of &lsquo;TT&rsquo; in both cases). In contrast, this variant is more abundant in people with European and American ancestry (~40% of carriers).</span></p> <p>*4344246896020580*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Strategies that May Improve Your Celiac Disease</strong></h2> <p>*2109644964171044*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">You may try the complementary approaches listed below if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate for you. Discuss the strategies listed here with your doctor. Remember that none of them should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes.</span></em></p> <h3><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Gluten-free Diet</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet, which allows the management of the symptoms in most cases. Gluten is found in the following grains and their products [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267495/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Wheat</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rye</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Spelt</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Barley</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Triticale</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As previously described, </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">plays a role in the development of all types of T cells believed to be involved in celiac disease (Th1, CD8+, and Th17). Variants with increased ETS1 activity may worsen celiac disease by promoting the development of these cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1382937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12594302"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21206487/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><strong>Avoiding Lectins/Other Potential Irritants</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dietary lectins may worsen inflammation in people sensitive to them. For example, lectins contributed to autoimmunity in one study with rheumatoid arthritis patients [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1115436/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884708"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Preliminary research suggests that avoiding lectins may reduce the symptoms of autoimmune conditions in sensitive individuals [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599185"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lectins stimulate the production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-&gamma; (whose production by Th1 cells is stimulated by ETS1). Still, more research is needed to clarify the possible connection between lectins and celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884708"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2213045/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gut damage and inflammation in celiac disease may cause temporary lactose intolerance. Such patients may need to avoid dairy until their gut lining recovers [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15775678"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A cell-based study found that lactose prevents Tregs from inhibiting Th1 and Th17 responses, possibly increasing inflammation. Given the role of ETS1 in promoting Treg development, underactive variants may cause even more inflammation in response to lactose [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4239808/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2947068/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Elimination diets such as the </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/elimination-diet-safest-foods-people-sensitive-everything/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lectin Avoidance Diet</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may help identify and remove common food irritants &mdash; such as </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/lectins-beneficial-harmful/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">lectins</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, gluten, and dairy &mdash; that may be worsening autoimmunity in sensitive individuals [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884708"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599185"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5647120/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The most effective way to treat celiac disease is to go gluten-free. Other potential irritants such as lectins and lactose may worsen autoimmunity in some people.</span></p> <h3><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Moderate Sun Exposure</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Moderate </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">sun exposure</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is the best way to get natural </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">UV</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> light and </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">vitamin D</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, which both help suppress inflammation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566188/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20635942"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Vitamin D may help overcome the negative effects of overactive </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">variants on celiac disease by inhibiting the development of Th1 cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11673504"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2213045/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Vitamin D deficiency and subsequent bone issues are common in celiac disease patients, so it&rsquo;s crucial to get enough of this nutrient [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640651/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21210250"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study in mice associated high </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ETS1 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">expression with lower blood vitamin D levels, possibly because it activates the enzyme that breaks this vitamin down. People with celiac disease and overactive variants are thus at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4733130/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10617584/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">People with celiac disease may have vitamin D deficiency. A moderate exposure to sunlight is a good way to produce this vitamin and reduce inflammation.</span></p> <h3><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Black Cumin</strong></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/black-cumin-seed-nigella-sativa-top-scientific-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Black cumin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, also known as black seed, has well-known anti-inflammatory properties.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In one clinical trial, adding 900 mg of black seed oil daily to a gluten-free diet helped restore </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/iron-balance-blood-test-iron-deficiency-anemia-overload/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">iron</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> levels and reduce inflammation and gut damage. The same group of authors found that </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/top-28-scientific-benefits-of-the-panacea-black-cumin-seed-nigella-sativa/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">black cumin oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may help with dermatitis herpetiformis, a skin condition caused by celiac disease [</span><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=Res+J+Pharm+Biol+Chem+Sci&amp;title=Immunomodulatory+effect+of+Nigella+sativa+oil+treatment+in+iron+deficiency+anemia+caused+by+refractory+coeliac+disease&amp;author=MT+Osman&amp;author=BI+Taha&amp;author=G+Al-Duboni&amp;author=LA+Muhamed&amp;volume=3&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;pages=887-95&amp;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5633670/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Preliminary research in animals and cells suggests that black cumin and its active compound thymoquinone may reduce </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/supplements-foods-exercise-right-type-th1-vs-th2-dominance/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Th1 dominance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and IFN-&gamma; release, both of which are associated with celiac disease and ETS1 activity [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20600757"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26117430"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2213045/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Preliminary research suggests that black seed oil may help people with celiac disease reduce gut inflammation and damage.</span></p>
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188 | content_learn_more_7276946416964214_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your ETS1 variant is associated with an increased risk of celiac disease. However, this doesn’t necessarily reflect your potential risk of this condition — just one gene related to it. A healthy diet and lifestyle may help. Keep reading to find out more.
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rsIDs = rs4937333,rs1128334,rs6590330,rs73013527,rs10893872,rs11221332,rs3802826,rs7932088
rsStatus = rs4937333,ETS1,chr11,128460625,T,C,G,,11,10,HET
rsStatus = rs1128334,ETS1,chr11,128459064,C,T,,,30,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs6590330,,chr11,128441164,G,A,C,T,29,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs73013527,,chr11,128627057,C,T,,,11,29,HET
rsStatus = rs10893872,,chr11,128455658,T,A,C,G,47,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs11221332,ETS1,chr11,128511079,C,A,T,,26,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs3802826,ETS1,chr11,128536543,A,G,T,,1,22,HET
rsStatus = rs7932088,,chr11,128447273,G,A,C,T,30,0,Normal
