193 | id == 193
193 | category_id == 16
193 | category_order == 13
193 | category_name == Gut Health
193 | category_color == #C47AC0
193 | slug == NOTCH4-celiac-IBD
193 | title == This Gene May Contribute to 3 Inflammatory Gut Conditions (NOTCH4)
193 | meta_description == NOTCH4 regulates the growth and development of blood vessels. What is its role in IBD and celiac disease? Read on to learn more.
193 | summary == <p><strong>NOTCH4 regulates the growth and development of blood vessels. What does it have to do with both IBD and celiac disease? Read on to learn more.</strong></p>
193 | overall_score_text == Gut Autoimmunity Score (based on Notch4)
193 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/NOTCH4--Gut-Inflammation-Celiac---all-chips.jpg
193 | author_id == 1
193 | author_name == Jasmine Foster
193 | author_title == BSc, BEd
193 | author_order == 36
193 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Jasmine.jpg
193 | author_intro == <p><strong>Jasmine received her BS from McGill University and her BEd from Vancouver Island University.</strong></p>    <p>Jasmine loves helping people understand their brains and bodies, a passion that grew out of her dual background in biology and education. From the chem lab to the classroom, everyone has the right to learn and make informed decisions about their health.</p>
193 | reviewer == None
193 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
193 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
193 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
193 | publish_date == 2020
193 | publish_date == 5
193 | publish_date == 18
193 | avg_rating == 5.0
193 | tags_id == 448
193 | tags_name == Angiogenesis
193 | tags_id == 213
193 | tags_name == Celiac Disease
193 | tags_id == 212
193 | tags_name == Gluten
193 | tags_id == 194
193 | tags_name == Gut Health
193 | tags_id == 308
193 | tags_name == Gut Inflammation
193 | tags_id == 73
193 | tags_name == IBD
193 | tags_id == 449
193 | tags_name == NOTCH4 Gene
193 | permissions_favorite == False
193 | permissions_rate == False
193 | content_article == <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">This article is for informational purposes only. None of the information here should be taken as medical advice. If you suspect you may have digestive issues, seek medical help. </span></em><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that these results are based on association studies, which are correlative and aren&rsquo;t necessarily causative. Any single genetic variant will typically contribute only a small proportion to the overall risk of the condition, and non-genetic factors play a large role in developing a condition as well. Therefore, just because you have one of these genotypes does not necessarily mean you are at an increased risk of developing this condition!</span></em></p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">What is </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">?</span></h2> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(neurogenic locus notch homolog 4) is the gene coding for a protein of the same name, notch4. Notch4 is one of the four notch proteins in mammals, which are deeply involved in cell growth and development from embryo to adult [</span><a href="https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/NOTCH4"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667410"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Notch4, unlike the other notch proteins, is mainly expressed in the circulatory system. It is essential for angiogenesis: the process of growing and developing new blood vessels. Poorly regulated angiogenesis is implicated in a huge variety of disorders and diseases, including cancer, psoriasis, arthritis, and even blindness [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667410"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h2><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">and Gut Inflammation</span></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gut disorders like IBS, IBD, and celiac disease are often marked by irregular patterns of angiogenesis. In celiac disease, a person&rsquo;s immune system may produce antibodies that bind to TG2, a protein that (like notch4) is required for the production of new blood vessels. Some researchers believe that these autoantibodies activate TG2 and cause dysregulated or inhibited angiogenesis [</span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nm0603-653"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22136669"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/cmi201065"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/98420/en"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5636968/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3712867"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">By contrast, chronic gut inflammation in general is characterized by excessive angiogenesis; inflammatory processes require an abundance of tiny blood vessels transporting inflammatory cytokines and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/how-to-increase-and-decrease-white-blood-cells/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">white blood cells</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> into the area [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4709626/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Notch4 is also not expressed in the actual intestinal lining, but it is abundant in the blood vessels that feed and transport nutrients away from the intestines. One gene expression study found that in cases of acute celiac disease, </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> was lower than normal in the lining of the small intestine; other studies note that notch4 promotes </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/nuclear-factor-kappa-b/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NF-kB</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> inflammatory signalling, suggesting that higher notch4 activity would be expected in inflammatory gut diseases [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185035/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4674131/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50120-4"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Surprisingly, there is very little research on a potential direct connection between notch4, angiogenesis, and IBD. Rather, much of the research on notch4 focuses on how it may increase inflammation in other diseases. There is quite a bit of variation in the effect of notch4 in different tissues, but for the most part, it appears to stimulate inflammatory cascades [</span><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/218/2/312/4712145"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006295210005216"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://dmm.biologists.org/content/12/12/dmm040642"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While the mechanisms for the link have been somewhat elusive, </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> variants have been associated with celiac disease and both major forms of IBD.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Notch4 regulates angiogenesis, the growth and development of new blood vessels. Inflammatory gut diseases may be characterized by too much or too little angiogenesis, which may be linked to high or low notch4.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">What is IBD?</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">IBD is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by inflammation and sores in the gut lining, which can result in diarrhea, abdominal </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/23-ways-to-combat-pain-naturally-by-increasing-your-opioids/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">pain</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, fatigue, fever, rectal bleeding, nutritional deficiencies, and </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">weight loss</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. The definition of IBD includes both ulcerative colitis and Crohn&rsquo;s disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3980998/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/crohns-disease/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Crohn&rsquo;s disease</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> differs from ulcerative colitis in that it is centered higher in the digestive tract (typically in the small intestine, though it can occur anywhere between the mouth and anus) and may damage broader swaths of tissue [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/ulcerative-colitis"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/definition-facts"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">By contrast, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/ulcerative-colitis/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ulcerative colitis</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (UC) produces chronic inflammation and ulceration of the large intestine (the colon) and is also focused on the innermost lining of the colon wall, where Crohn&rsquo;s can damage much broader swaths of tissue [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/ulcerative-colitis"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/definition-facts"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459282/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">What is Celiac Disease?</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder wherein the body produces a diseased inflammatory response in response to gluten. It can have symptoms very similar to IBS or IBD (bloating, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, pain, weight loss, etc.), but it can often be identified by testing for anti-gluten antibodies [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">People who are diagnosed with celiac disease must observe a gluten-free diet and avoid all products containing gluten to prevent inflammatory reactions and flare-ups [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease/treatment"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h3><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">&amp; Celiac Disease</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">One </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">variant has been associated with celiac disease so far. At rs424232, the common &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele is more common in celiac disease patients than in the general population. The uncommon &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele, on the other hand, may be somewhat protective against celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732286/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We should note that this SNP is generally linked to </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">, but it is also nearby to and often inherited with </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">HLA-DRB1</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">, an important immune system gene. It is therefore possible that </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">HLA-DRB1</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is the cause of rs424323&rsquo;s association with celiac disease. Regardless, this SNP is a useful tag for identifying a potential predisposition to celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23053058"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h3><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">&amp; IBD</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Two NOTCH4 variants have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. At rs549182, the rare &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele has been associated with ulcerative colitis; at rs9267911, the common &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele has been associated with Crohn&rsquo;s disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24837172"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/variants/rs9267911"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> have been associated with ulcerative colitis, Crohn&rsquo;s disease, and celiac disease.</span></span></p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Your NOTCH4 Results for Celiac Disease</span></h2> <p>*9921193090330445*</p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">SNP Summary and Table</span></h3> <p><strong>NOTCH4 rs424232</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Potentially decreased small blood vessel growth, associated with Celiac disease in a Swedish &amp; Norwegian study</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Not associated with Celiac disease</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">About 47% of all people worldwide have the &lsquo;CC&rsquo; genotype.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;CC&rsquo; genotype is similarly distributed all around the world, with the lowest frequency in South Asian populations (41%) and the highest in American populations (55%).</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>NOTCH4 rs549182</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Not associated with ulcerative colitis</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Associated with ulcerative colitis in an Indian study</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Only about 15% of all people worldwide have at least one copy of the &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele is significantly more common in people of South Asian descent (25%) and significantly less common in people of European descent (5%).</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>NOTCH4 rs9267911</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Associated with Crohn&rsquo;s disease in a Japanese study</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Not associated with Crohn&rsquo;s disease</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">About 21% of people worldwide have the possibly protective &lsquo;CC&rsquo; genotype.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;CC&rsquo; genotype is similarly distributed around the world, with the lowest frequency in African populations (16%) and the highest in South Asian populations (28%).</span></li> </ul> <p>*8079838993756694*</p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Recommendations for Celiac Disease</span></h2> <p>*3483969043692063*</p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">You may try the complementary approaches listed below if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate for you. Discuss the strategies listed here with your doctor. Remember that none of them should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes.</span></em></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gluten-Free Diet</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gliadin, a component of gluten, triggers the production of autoantibodies that bind to TG2 and dysregulate angiogenesis. People with untreated celiac disease (that is, celiac patients who have not yet started a gluten free diet) were also found to have reduced </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">expression in one study [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2384074/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3712867/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4674131/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The gluten free diet may restore normal angiogenesis and </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">expression in people with celiac disease. Regardless of whether notch4 is important for the mechanism of this diet, anyone who is diagnosed with celiac disease will need to adhere to a gluten free diet to control their symptoms [</span><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many people with IBD also report that following a gluten-free diet improved their symptoms. In one study of 135 IBD patients, a gluten-free diet improved at least one of bloating, diarrhea, pain, fatigue, and nausea in more than half [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4331053/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The gluten-free diet is recommended to everyone with celiac disease. In celiac patients, gluten triggers the production of autoantibodies that may damage blood vessels feeding the gut.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Antiangiogenic Mediterranean Diet</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Antiangiogenic foods are most often discussed as a tool for cancer prevention, but because of how often IBD patients have dysregulated angiogenesis, researchers have explored the potential of anti-angiogenic diets for IBD [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4709626/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Antiangiogenic foods include any foods that contain compounds that suppress or regulate the growth of blood vessels [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769787/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1891166/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Antiangiogenic foods include a huge variety of foods like tomatoes, soybeans, fish, red wine, yogurt, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/olive-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">olive oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/green-tea/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">green tea</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, green vegetables, and many herbs and spices [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769787/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372922/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184418/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many of these foods are central to a Mediterranean diet, one of the more popular anti-inflammatory diet plans available. The Mediterranean diet is rich in vegetables, fish, herbs, and nuts; it has been found to reduce the likelihood of developing IBD and may be recommended to IBD patients as an option to reduce gut inflammation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769787/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372922/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mediterranean diets are also sometimes recommended to patients with celiac disease&mdash;especially those whose symptoms do not resolve after they cut out gluten or those at risk of complications like osteoporosis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019969/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6610747/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30143412"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The Mediterranean diet includes many antiangiogenic foods, which may be beneficial if notch4 expression is too high.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Supplements</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some antiangiogenic compounds are available as supplements. You may want to try one of these to determine whether it has any noticeable effect (good or bad!) on your symptoms before adding any more. People with celiac disease, in particular, may already have reduced angiogenesis and may, theoretically, respond poorly to antiangiogenic compounds.</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Resveratrol</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though its specific effect on </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NOTCH4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is unknown, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-15-scientific-health-benefits-of-resveratrol-with-references/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">resveratrol</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> has been found to broadly reduce notch signalling as part of its anti-inflammatory effects. Resveratrol is also antiangiogenic [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037565/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184418/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Supplementation with 500 mg/day resveratrol for 6 weeks improved disease severity and quality of life by reducing inflammation and oxidative damage in 2 clinical trials on 106 people with ulcerative colitis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27664491"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26002728"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study of over 400,000 men associated a high dietary intake of polyphenols, including resveratrol, with a lower incidence of Crohn&rsquo;s disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28837515"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Resveratrol has also been studied for its potential to reduce autoimmune inflammation, but there is no data to support its use in celiac disease in particular [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5748756/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">EGCG (Green Tea)</span></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/green-tea/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">EGCG</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the major polyphenol from green tea, is an antiangiogenic compound and interacts with notch4 in complex ways [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184418/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01635581.2011.532901"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a small clinical trial on 20 people with ulcerative colitis, a commercial extract with EGCG helped improve the symptoms and maintain remission. Green tea and its polyphenols were similarly effective in multiple studies of animals with colitis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23846486"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30935522"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Epigallocatechin gallate also improved pouchitis, a complication that may occur in ulcerative colitis patients after the surgical removal of the colon, in a pilot trial on 9 people [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28929216"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">EGCG has also shown the ability to prevent inflammatory reactions to gliadin in cell studies, suggesting a potential benefit in celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29704403"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29447966"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Resveratrol and EGCG are antiangiogenic compounds that may be beneficial if notch4 expression is too high.</span></p>
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193 | content_learn_more_8079838993756694_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your NOTCH4 gene is associated with roughly average rates of IBD and celiac disease. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of IBD or celiac disease, just one gene related to it. Special diets and antiangiogenic compounds may help; read on to learn more.
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rsStatus = rs549182,,chr6,32237268,G,A,,,10,0,Normal
