226 | id == 226
226 | category_id == 18
226 | category_order == 15
226 | category_name == Weight
226 | category_color == #C47AC0
226 | slug == ADRB3-obesity-fat-burning
226 | title == The Master Fat-Burning Gene Impacts Weight Gain (ADRB3)
226 | meta_description == The ADRB3 gene encodes a receptor crucial for fat burning. Click to learn about its link with obesity and get tailored tips.
226 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>One receptor, encoded by the <em>ADRB3</em> gene, is crucial for fat burning. Read on to learn about its link with obesity and get gene-based tips!</strong></p>
226 | overall_score_text == Your Obesity Score (Based on ADRB3 Gene)
226 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/ADRB3--Weight.jpg
226 | author_id == 9
226 | author_name == Aleksa Ristic
226 | author_title == MS (Pharmacy)
226 | author_order == 45
226 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Aleksa.jpg
226 | author_intro == <p><strong>Aleksa received his MS in Pharmacy from the University of Belgrade, his master thesis focusing on protein sources in plant-based diets.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>    <p>Aleksa is passionate about herbal pharmacy, nutrition, and functional medicine. He found a way to merge his two biggest passions&mdash;writing and health&mdash;and use them for noble purposes. His mission is to bridge the gap between science and everyday life, helping readers improve their health and feel better.</p>
226 | reviewer == None
226 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
226 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
226 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
226 | publish_date == 2020
226 | publish_date == 6
226 | publish_date == 23
226 | avg_rating == 5.0
226 | tags_id == 508
226 | tags_name == ADRB3 gene
226 | tags_id == 186
226 | tags_name == BMI
226 | tags_id == 510
226 | tags_name == Caffeine
226 | tags_id == 505
226 | tags_name == Catecholamines
226 | tags_id == 303
226 | tags_name == Cold exposure
226 | tags_id == 207
226 | tags_name == Exercise
226 | tags_id == 305
226 | tags_name == Fat burning
226 | tags_id == 509
226 | tags_name == Intermittent fasting
226 | tags_id == 473
226 | tags_name == Leptin Resistance
226 | tags_id == 165
226 | tags_name == Obesity
226 | tags_id == 184
226 | tags_name == Weight Loss
226 | permissions_favorite == False
226 | permissions_rate == False
226 | content_article == <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">This article is for informational purposes only. None of the information here should be taken as medical advice. If you are struggling to maintain a healthy weight, seek medical help. </span></em><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that these results are based on association studies, which are correlative and aren&rsquo;t necessarily causative. Any single genetic variant will typically contribute only a small proportion to the overall risk of the condition, and non-genetic factors play a large role in developing a condition as well. Therefore, just because you have one of these genotypes does not necessarily mean you are at an increased risk of developing this condition!</span></em></p> <table style="width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" border="1" cellpadding="10"> <tbody> <tr style="height: 54px;"> <td style="width: 100%; text-align: justify; height: 54px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Note:</strong> The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ADRB3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">&nbsp;gene is mentioned in the </span><strong><em><a href="https://get.selfdecode.com/gene-reports/nm/fitness/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Fitness</a> DNA Wellness Report</em></strong><span style="font-weight: 400;">, along with many other genes. If you're looking for a comprehensive gene report about physical performance, make sure to check it out!</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>ADRB3: A Key Player in Fat Metabolism</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="../../../gene/adrb3/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ADRB3</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene encodes the beta-3 adrenergic receptor. This receptor binds catecholamines and activates the sympathetic nervous system by increasing cAMP levels [</span><a href="https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ADRB3"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Beta-receptors impact vital processes such as breathing and blood flow but also have diverse metabolic roles. They control fat metabolism, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/insulin-101/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">insulin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> release, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/glucose/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">glucose</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> production, and more [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3789271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963125/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Unlike beta-1 and beta-2, expressed throughout the body, the beta-3 receptor is mainly located in fat tissue. Once activated by catecholamines, It stimulates fat burning and heat production [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15170407/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/all-about-leptin-its-role-in-chronic-inflammation-cfs-and-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Leptin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a crucial metabolic hormone that helps burn fat stores by stimulating sympathetic activity and raising catecholamine levels [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090157/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. These pathways are often blunted in obesity due to underactive beta receptors, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/the-root-causes-of-leptin-resistance-and-12-ways-to-reverse-it/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">leptin resistance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, or other factors [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8200997/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169485/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967652/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The ADRB3 gene helps make the beta-3 adrenergic receptors, found mostly in fat tissue. Catecholamines activate these receptors to boost fat burning and heat production.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>The Link Between ADRB3 Variant and Obesity</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Over 100 studies have examined the relationship between one ADRB3 variant&mdash;</span><a href="../../../snp/rs4994/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs4994</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> or Trp64Arg&mdash; and body-weight measures.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">One meta-analysis included 97 such studies, involving 44,800 participants. Among East Asians, those with the "G" allele had, on average, 0.31 units higher body mass index, which would equal 0.8-1 kg. In European descendants, the difference was four times smaller and wasn't statistically significant [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18574485/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The same group of authors conducted the largest study of 4,854 European (UK) subjects and confirmed the lack of association between this SNP and BMI [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18574485/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a meta-analysis of 16 studies and 12,500 children/adolescents, </span><a href="../../../snp/rs4994/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs4994</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">-G correlated with 23% higher obesity rates. Once again, the effect stemmed from East Asian subjects, who had 47% higher odds of obesity per the "G" allele [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6999834/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study of 329 adults from Saudi Arabia found a significant link between this SNP and obesity. People with the "G" allele also had a higher waist-hip ratio (WHR), blood lipids, leptin, and insulin levels [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870215/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Research has associated the same variant with other conditions, such as:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diabetes [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28521197/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28783993/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">High blood pressure [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5893850/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Heart disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7004740/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Those genetic effects were also more pronounced in East Asians.</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The &ldquo;G&rdquo; allele at rs4994 correlates with significantly higher obesity rates, but the effect is mostly limited to East Asian populations.</span></p> <h3><strong>How It Works</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The A&gt;G switch at rs4994 changes one amino acid in the beta-3 receptor structure. The &ldquo;mutant&rdquo; receptor had a reduced ability to produce cAMP in test tubes [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9288945/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10786926"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a study on human fat cells, this variant produced receptors that were less efficient at burning fat [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9892231/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to clinical trials, this variant is also associated with higher leptin and lower </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/adiponectin/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">adiponectin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> levels, indicating impaired fat metabolism [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7236936/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870215/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The &ldquo;G&rdquo; allele at rs4994 changes one amino acid in the beta-3 receptor structure, reducing its ability to burn fat.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Your ADRB3 Results for Obesity</strong></h2> <p>*2699989003989935*</p> <h3><strong>SNP Summary</strong></h3> <p><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p><strong>ADRB3 </strong><a href="../../../snp/rs4994/"><strong>rs4994</strong></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = not associated with obesity</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = associated with higher BMI and obesity rates</span></li> </ul> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Population Frequency</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">: About 15.5% of European descendants carry the &ldquo;G&rdquo; allele. It&rsquo;s more common in East Asian (24%) and South Asian (30%) populations.</span></p> <p>*3873391895424127*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Recommendations to Enhance Fat Burning</strong></h2> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">You may try the complementary approaches listed below if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate for you. Discuss the strategies listed here with your doctor. Remember that none of them should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes.</span></em></p> <p>*4979580727059822*</p> <h3><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Exercise</strong></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Exercise</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is the best way to overcome your genetic effect and burn fat by activating beta-3 receptors [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2278837/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2727046/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742128/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. It further supports this pathway by improving leptin sensitivity [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22975643/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056484/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11157319/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Resistance training is a great choice when it comes to </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">weight loss</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. In addition to promoting fat burning, it boosts </span><a href="../../article/boost-plasticity-with-the-bdnf-gene-50"><span style="font-weight: 400;">BDNF</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/endorphins/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">endorphins</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and other beneficial hormones and components that suppress appetite, improve mental health, and more [</span><a href="http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/neuro.24.005.2010/full"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://www.news-medical.net/news/20120717/Mu-opioid-receptors-put-brakes-on-appetite.aspx"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Aerobic exercise (walking, running, swimming, etc.) has significantly reduced belly fat in multiple studies [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17637702"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21951360"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Regular exercise can help you activate beta-3 receptors, shed extra pounds, and improve overall health.</span></p> <h4><strong>Cold Exposure</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Acute </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/12-reasons-embrace-cold/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">cold exposure</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> boosts sympathetic activity in fat tissue, partly by stimulating beta-3 receptors [</span><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-004-1359-1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18321949/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16936205"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. It also raises adiponectin, which is essential for people with rs4994-G [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7068845/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cold exposure increases metabolism and energy expenditure as the body has to adapt and produce more heat. In a clinical trial of 50 healthy men, those exposed to a cold environment overnight had a 10% increase in metabolism after one month [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207391/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cold showers are the easiest way to practice acute cold exposure year-long, regardless of your climate conditions. During the winter, try to engage more in outdoor activities.</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Take cold showers to lessen the impact of your variant and enhance weight loss.</span></p> <h4><strong>Limit Alcohol Intake</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Excess alcohol consumption suppresses fat burning by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4385497/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10539756/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Alcohol is a significant source of calories, delivering 7 kcal per gram. Although moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to impact weight gain, heavy drinking has a robust link with obesity [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4338356/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In two studies of over 11,600 participants, increased alcohol consumption correlated with abdominal obesity, which is a strong risk factor for heart disease [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17885722/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2984859/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4756331/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Alcohol suppresses fat burning by blocking beta receptors. Increased alcohol intake is associated with weight gain and abdominal obesity.</span></p> <h3><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4><strong>Intermittent Fasting</strong></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Calorie restriction in any form is essential for weight loss, but </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/intermittent-fasting/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">intermittent fasting</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may be ideal for people with rs4994-G. Fasting stimulates fat burning mediated by catecholamines, potentially reducing the impact of this SNP [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311212/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9781323/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In one trial, fasting every other day (with 25% of daily calories) for 12 weeks caused 32 people to lose 12 pounds more than those who followed daily calorie restriction [</span><a href="http://www.nutritionj.com/content/12/1/146"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. A meta-analysis of 11 studies found intermittent fasting as efficient as regular calorie restriction for weight loss [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6836017/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p> <h4><strong>Coffee &amp; Tea</strong></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/caffeine-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Caffeine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the main active ingredient in coffee and tea, has well-known fat-burning properties. It boosts cAMP and indirectly activates beta-3 receptors by increasing adrenaline [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2885771/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2270224/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a 2019 meta-analysis of 12 studies, coffee consumption correlated with slightly lower weight and waist circumference, especially in men [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6628169/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. Green tea has shown moderate benefits for weight loss, but the evidence is inconclusive [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19597519/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23235664/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that a high intake of caffeine can cause adverse effects such as insomnia, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/natural-treatments-anxiety/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">anxiety</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, increased </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/resting-heart-rate/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">heart rate</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and blood pressure, increased urination, and muscle twitching [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12150361"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Practice intermittent fasting and drink coffee &amp; tea in moderation to activate your beta-3 receptors and enhance fat burning.</span></p> <h3><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <p><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/health-benefits-butyrate-derivatives-sodium-butyrate-phenylbutyrate-trybutyrine-butyric-acid-butyrate-prodrugs-butyrate-producing-bacteria/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Butyrate</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a short-chain fatty acid produced by our gut </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/probiotics-good-bacteria/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">probiotics</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. In a study on mice, butyrate enhanced fat burning via the beta-3 receptor [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28028849/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Animal studies indicate the potential of butyrate to support weight gain [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28212353"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699871/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. It may also stimulate fat burning in humans, but the evidence is limited [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539646"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Butyrate is available as a supplement, but the best way to obtain it is by feeding </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/what-is-resistant-starch-sources-how-to-increase-diet/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">resistant starch</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to the gut flora, which has a </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/how-your-gut-microbiota-can-make-you-fat-or-thin/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">crucial role in weight control</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22064556"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Resistant starch may support weight loss, but the research is mostly limited to animals [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21736742"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25966755"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23784900"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. It increases </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/pyy/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002"><span style="font-weight: 400;">PYY</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, a hormone that promotes satiety and fullness [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26514213"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5401465/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24845880"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23630079"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Butyrate may counteract your ADRB3 variant and improve weight control. Obtain it by taking resistant starch or butyrate supplements.</span></p>
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226 | content_learn_more_3873391895424127_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your ADRB3 gene is associated with slightly higher obesity rates. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of obesity, just one gene related to it. Exercise regularly, take cold showers, and follow other gene-based tips to maintain a healthy weight. Keep reading to find out more.
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rsIDs = rs4994
rsStatus = rs4994,ADRB3,chr8,37966280,A,G,,,42,0,Normal
