396 | id == 396
396 | category_id == 25
396 | category_order == 22
396 | category_name == Blood Sugar
396 | category_color == #C47AC0
396 | slug == TNF-blood-sugar
396 | title == A Gene Linking Inflammation & Blood Sugar (TNF)
396 | meta_description == The TNF gene has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory conditions. How is it connected with blood sugar control?
396 | summary == <p><strong>The <em>TNF </em>gene has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory conditions. How is it connected with blood sugar control? Read on to learn more.</strong></p>
396 | overall_score_text == Your Blood Sugar Score (based on TNF)
396 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/TNF-Blood-Sugar-Diabetes.jpg
396 | author_id == 1
396 | author_name == Jasmine Foster
396 | author_title == BSc, BEd
396 | author_order == 36
396 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Jasmine.jpg
396 | author_intro == <p><strong>Jasmine received her BS from McGill University and her BEd from Vancouver Island University.</strong></p>    <p>Jasmine loves helping people understand their brains and bodies, a passion that grew out of her dual background in biology and education. From the chem lab to the classroom, everyone has the right to learn and make informed decisions about their health.</p>
396 | reviewer == None
396 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
396 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
396 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
396 | publish_date == 2020
396 | publish_date == 10
396 | publish_date == 9
396 | avg_rating == 5.0
396 | tags_id == 801
396 | tags_name == Blood Sugar
396 | tags_id == 24
396 | tags_name == Inflammation
396 | tags_id == 139
396 | tags_name == Insulin
396 | tags_id == 116
396 | tags_name == Insulin Resistance
396 | tags_id == 235
396 | tags_name == TNF-alpha
396 | tags_id == 234
396 | tags_name == TNF gene
396 | permissions_favorite == False
396 | permissions_rate == False
396 | content_article == <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Summary</span></h2> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes tumor necrosis factor-alpha, an inflammatory cytokine. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may play a role in blood sugar by increasing insulin resistance. Lifestyle and diet modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by decreasing TNF-alpha production.</span></p> <h2><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and Blood Sugar</span></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/tnf/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes a protein called tumor necrosis factor-alpha (</span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/supplements-lifestyle-factors-influence-tnf-interleukin-6-il-6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF-alpha</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> or cachexin). TNF-alpha plays a central role in the immune response and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/natural-ways-lower-inflammation/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">inflammation</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and it has been implicated in a wide variety of inflammatory disorders [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10891884"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF-alpha has a close relationship with </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/insulin-101/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">insulin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and blood sugar. In people with type 2 diabetes, blood levels of TNF-alpha are closely linked to </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">insulin resistance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. In fact, some researchers believe that rising TNF-alpha levels directly increase </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/glucose/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">blood sugar</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and are a prerequisite for the development of type 2 diabetes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307173/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2014/295478/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">To make matters worse, there appears to be a feedback loop between TNF-alpha and blood sugar. High TNF-alpha promotes insulin resistance, and high blood sugar promotes the production of TNF-alpha. This loop can be difficult to break, especially if you have high-expression variants of the </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene [</span><a href="https://bmcimmunol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2172-13-19"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes an inflammatory cytokine that may increase insulin resistance and worsen blood glucose control.</span></span></p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Your </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Results for Blood Sugar</span></h2> <p>*6789294549141223*</p> <p><strong>TNF </strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs2857605/"><strong>rs2857605</strong></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Not associated with abnormal blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Associated with increased blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele may increase TNF-alpha production, leading to insulin resistance and poor blood glucose control [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307173/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>TNF </strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs1800629/"><strong>rs1800629</strong></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Not associated with abnormal blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Associated with increased blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele may increase TNF-alpha production, leading to insulin resistance and poor blood glucose control [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307173/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>TNF </strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs2229094/"><strong>rs2229094</strong></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Not associated with abnormal blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Associated with increased blood sugar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele may increase TNF-alpha production, leading to insulin resistance and poor blood glucose control [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307173/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p>*6527699854077742*</p> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Recommendations for Controlling Blood Sugar</span></h2> <p>*5536233751949429*</p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lifestyle</span></h3> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Exercise</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although TNF-alpha levels can actually increase immediately after </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">exercise</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (especially after vigorous physical activity), regular exercise decreases TNF-associated inflammation in the long run [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30371169"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092703"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320801/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28011264"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Physical activity</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a great way to manage blood glucose levels, and it becomes more effective with greater intensity and duration. Muscle activity burns glucose for energy and makes cells more sensitive to insulin [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3781559/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587394/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26853238/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5510106/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30553010/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Maintain a Healthy Weight</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Research shows that TNF-alpha levels are directly linked to weight. More specifically, blood levels of TNF-alpha appear to increase as abdominal fat increases [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20580040"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10880890"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This is because fat (adipose) tissue may stimulate the expression and production of TNF-alpha. Reducing weight may lead to lower levels of TNF-alpha and inflammation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4304634/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11126333"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Being overweight or obese is the number one risk factor for high blood sugar levels, </span><a href="https://www.selfhacked.com/blog/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">insulin resistance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and type 2 diabetes. Even a slight weight reduction can be beneficial [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3896971/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2857968/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5829255/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The single most important thing that can help you </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">lose weight</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is to consume fewer calories. Multiple studies show the effectiveness of calorie restriction in lowering blood glucose and insulin resistance [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102702/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686951/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2677812/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4548160/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For personalized </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">weight loss</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> recommendations based on your genes, check out our </span><a href="https://get.selfdecode.com/weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Weight Loss DNA Wellness Report</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">People who maintain a healthy weight and physical fitness have lower TNF-alpha and better blood sugar control than those who are overweight and unfit.</span></p> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diet</span></h3> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Olive Oil</span></h4> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/olive-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Olive oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a healthy, anti-inflammatory fat and has been found to reduce TNF-alpha after mealtimes [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29165098/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Including </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/olive-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">olive oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> in the diet may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 16%. The Mediterranean diet, which uses olive oil as its main source of fat, is recommended to improve blood sugar control [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436092/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27395419"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a clinical trial of overweight and diabetic people, adding olive oil to their diet significantly reduced their </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/intermittent-fasting/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">fasting</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> blood sugar and improved metabolic control. In another trial on older adults with diabetes, an olive oil-containing diet prevented them from losing their eyesight [</span><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27344308"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27541690"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h4><span style="font-weight: 400;">Garlic</span></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a meta-analysis of clinical studies, people who consume a significant amount of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/garlic-health-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">garlic</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (in their diets or as supplements) have less circulating TNF-alpha than those who do not [</span><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jn/article-abstract/149/4/605/5428122?redirectedFrom=fulltext"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple studies in both animals and humans have found that consuming garlic may also improve blood sugar control [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16484567/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26693740/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Olive oil and garlic are anti-inflammatory foods that have been found to decrease both TNF-alpha and blood sugar.</span></p>
396 | content_snp_table_6789294549141223_key == 6789294549141223
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396 | content_learn_more_6527699854077742_key == 6527699854077742
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396 | content_learn_more_6527699854077742_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your TNF gene is somewhat associated with blood sugar. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of high blood sugar; it’s just one gene related to it. Physical fitness, olive oil, and garlic may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
396 | content_recommendation_5536233751949429_key == 5536233751949429
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rsIDs = rs2857605,rs2229094,rs1800629
rsStatus = rs2857605,NFKBIL1,chr6,31557074,C,G,T,,16,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs2229094,LTA,chr6,31572779,T,C,,,6,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs1800629,TNF,chr6,31575254,G,A,,,9,0,Normal
