397 | id == 397
397 | category_id == 24
397 | category_order == 21
397 | category_name == Acne
397 | category_color == #C47AC0
397 | slug == TLR4-acne
397 | title == The Effects of an Immune System Receptor on Acne (TLR4)
397 | meta_description == TLR4 can induce inflammation. Variants of TLR4 have been associated with acne. Read more here.
397 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>TLR4 is a receptor that can be activated by molecules derived from microscopic organisms. Upon its activation, TLR4 can stimulate various parts of the immune system and promote inflammation. Variants of <em>TLR4</em> have been associated with acne. Read more to learn about this association, and about personalized recommendations that may help you mitigate the negative effects of these variants.</strong></p>
397 | overall_score_text == Your Acne Score (based on TLR4 gene)
397 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/TLR4-Acne.jpg
397 | author_id == 14
397 | author_name == Shany Lahan
397 | author_title == MS (Neuroscience)
397 | author_order == 5
397 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Shany.webp
397 | author_intro == <p>Shany received her MSc in Neuroscience from Western University.</p>    <p>Prior to joining SelfDecode, Shany conducted research related to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease, and taught science to undergraduate students. She believes that research should be accessible to everyone, regardless of scientific background. Shany joined SelfDecode&nbsp;with a mission to help others optimize their health and wellbeing &ndash; as well as help them understand the science behind it all.</p>
397 | reviewer == None
397 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
397 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
397 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
397 | publish_date == 2020
397 | publish_date == 10
397 | publish_date == 9
397 | avg_rating == 5.0
397 | tags_id == 784
397 | tags_name == Cutibacterium acnes
397 | tags_id == 253
397 | tags_name == IL-6
397 | tags_id == 358
397 | tags_name == IL-8
397 | tags_id == 24
397 | tags_name == Inflammation
397 | tags_id == 800
397 | tags_name == Keratinocyte
397 | tags_id == 387
397 | tags_name == TLR4 Gene
397 | tags_id == 235
397 | tags_name == TNF-alpha
397 | permissions_favorite == False
397 | permissions_rate == False
397 | content_article == <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR4 is a receptor that can promote inflammation when activated by microscopic organisms. Variants of <em>TLR4</em> may play a role in acne by increasing production or activity of TLR4. Diet and supplement modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by decreasing production or activity of TLR4, and lowering inflammation. </span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>TLR4</em> and Acne</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR4 is a receptor that can recognize molecules derived from microscopic organisms. It can be found on the surface of immune system cells, and can also be found on the surface of a type of skin cell called keratinocyte [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7099"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12750356/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Activation of TLR4 by a microscopic organism-derived molecule can result in the release of inflammatory proteins from immune cells, including </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/blog/article/IL6-acne-393/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IL-6</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/blog/article/IL8-acne-388/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IL-8</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/blog/article/tnf-inflammation-acne-382/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. IL-6 and IL-8 can also be released in low levels from keratinocytes [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28794550/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8818187/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cutibacterium acnes </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">can increase the activity and production of TLR4. Growth of this bacterium within skin pores has been implicated in skin pore inflammation and the development of acne [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16307644/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12592074/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR4 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">have been associated with acne. These variants may increase the production or activity of TLR4, leading to enhanced release of inflammatory proteins and consequent acne formation [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22085193/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Your <em>TLR4</em> Results for Acne</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*8193457240429524*</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNP: </strong><strong><em>TLR4 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs4986791/"><strong>rs4986791</strong></a></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Increased severity of acne, relative to &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Decreased severity of acne, relative to &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Important SNPs:</strong> <strong><em>TLR4 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs4986790/"><strong>rs4986790</strong></a></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Increased severity of acne, relative to &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Decreased severity of acne, relative to &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">*7491748450139699*</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Recommendations for Improving Acne</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*3653939535345341*</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Green Tea</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/green-tea/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Green tea</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids and tannins [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16232822/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7868837/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In 2 clinical trials, drinking decaffeinated green tea daily for 4 weeks reduced acne on the nose, chin, and around the mouth [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27062963/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23096708/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Researchers experimenting on cells found that the green tea flavonoid epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can limit the growth of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cutibacterium acnes</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and reduce inflammation. In the same study, EGCG was found to significantly reduce acne in humans [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23096708/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In human cells, green tea compounds (including EGCG) were found to suppress the activity of TLR4 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26187476/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Ingesting green tea (EGCG) may improve acne by limiting the growth of<em> Cutibacterium acnes</em>, suppressing the activity of TLR4, and reducing inflammation.&nbsp;</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>N-Acetylcysteine (NAC)</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/nac-top-43-science-based-health-benefits-n-acetyl-cysteine-nac/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">N-acetylcysteine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (NAC) is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substance.&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a randomized controlled trial, a 5% NAC gel applied to the skin (topical) helped reduce mild-to-moderate acne. In another trial, NAC supplements taken daily for 8 weeks lowered inflammation and improved acne by 50% [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23346662"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.longdom.org/open-access/effects-of-oral-antioxidants-on-lesion-counts-associated-with-oxidative-stress-and-inflammation-in-patients-with-papulopustular-acne-2155-9554.1000163.pdf"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NAC was found to significantly decrease TLR4 production in human cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3390502/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplements may improve acne by decreasing the production of TLR4 and lowering inflammation.</span></p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Fish Oil (Omega-3)</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/fish-oil-top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fish oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> contains the omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA. Omega-3 fatty acids have long been known to have anti-inflammatory effects, and have therefore been suggested to prevent acne by lowering inflammation [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10617994/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fish oil supplements improved overall acne severity in a number of clinical trials and case studies. This improvement was especially evident in those with moderate-to-severe acne [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543297/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2577647/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fish oil was found to significantly decrease the production of TLR4 in mouse placentas [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21653731/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Fish oil (omega-3) supplements may improve acne by decreasing the production of TLR4 and lowering inflammation.&nbsp;</span></p>
397 | content_snp_table_8193457240429524_key == 8193457240429524
397 | content_snp_table_8193457240429524_blur == True
397 | content_snp_table_8193457240429524_hidden == False
397 | content_learn_more_7491748450139699_key == 7491748450139699
397 | content_learn_more_7491748450139699_blur == True
397 | content_learn_more_7491748450139699_hidden == False
397 | content_learn_more_7491748450139699_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your TLR4 gene may somewhat increase severity of acne, relative to other variants. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of acne; it’s just one gene related to it. Green tea, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplements, and fish oil (omega-3) supplements may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
397 | content_recommendation_3653939535345341_key == 3653939535345341
397 | content_recommendation_3653939535345341_blur == True
397 | content_recommendation_3653939535345341_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs4986790,rs4986791
rsStatus = rs4986790,TLR4,chr9,117713024,A,G,T,,27,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs4986791,TLR4,chr9,117713324,C,T,,,22,0,Normal
