477 | id == 477
477 | category_id == 28
477 | category_order == 25
477 | category_name == Joint Inflammation
477 | category_color == #C47AC0
477 | slug == FCRL3-rheumatoid-arthritis
477 | title == Regulatory Immune Cells & Rheumatoid Arthritis Development (FCRL3)
477 | meta_description == FCRL3 may promote inflammation. Variants of FCRL3 have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Read more here.
477 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The<em> FCRL3</em>&nbsp;gene is involved in suppressing the activity of regulatory immune cells and in turn, promoting inflammation. How might variants of <em>FCRL3</em> increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis? Read more to find out.</strong></p>
477 | overall_score_text == Your Rheumatoid Arthritis Score (based on FCRL3 gene)
477 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/FCRL3-FCRL1-Rheumatoid-arthritis.jpg
477 | author_id == 14
477 | author_name == Shany Lahan
477 | author_title == MS (Neuroscience)
477 | author_order == 5
477 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Shany.webp
477 | author_intro == <p>Shany received her MSc in Neuroscience from Western University.</p>    <p>Prior to joining SelfDecode, Shany conducted research related to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease, and taught science to undergraduate students. She believes that research should be accessible to everyone, regardless of scientific background. Shany joined SelfDecode&nbsp;with a mission to help others optimize their health and wellbeing &ndash; as well as help them understand the science behind it all.</p>
477 | reviewer == None
477 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
477 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
477 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
477 | publish_date == 2020
477 | publish_date == 11
477 | publish_date == 12
477 | avg_rating == 5.0
477 | tags_id == 926
477 | tags_name == Autoantibodies
477 | tags_id == 33
477 | tags_name == Autoimmunity
477 | tags_id == 929
477 | tags_name == Fc Receptor
477 | tags_id == 928
477 | tags_name == FCRL3 Gene
477 | tags_id == 369
477 | tags_name == NF-κB
477 | tags_id == 104
477 | tags_name == Tregs
477 | permissions_favorite == False
477 | permissions_rate == False
477 | content_article == <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FCRL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">encodes Fc receptor-like 3, a protein that may promote inflammation by inhibiting the functions of regulatory immune cells. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FCLR3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">may play a role in rheumatoid arthritis by increasing production or activity of Fc receptor-like 3. Lifestyle and supplement modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by suppressing a protein required to induce Fc receptor-like 3 production, and by activating regulatory immune cells.</span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FCRL3</em></strong><strong> and Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/fcrl3/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FCRL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> codes for Fc receptor-like 3, a receptor that can stimulate or inhibit certain functions of immune system cells upon its activation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/115352"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17201682/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fc receptor-like 3 is found on the surfaces of different types of immune cells, such as </span><a href="https://selfhack.com/blog/treg/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">regulatory T cells</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (</span><a href="https://selfhack.com/blog/treg/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tregs</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">). Its production can be exacerbated by the inflammatory protein </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/nuclear-factor-kappa-b/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NF-kB</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3374037/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18613848/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tregs are involved in suppressing the formation of autoantibodies, or antibodies that recognize the body&rsquo;s own tissues. In this manner, Tregs may function to prevent rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3374037/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342324/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15838509/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In rheumatoid arthritis, autoantibodies specific for joints attract components of the immune system to these regions. This can result in joint inflammation and joint thickening, leading to symptoms such as pain [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5567121/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Recent studies have suggested that Fc receptor-like 3 may have an inhibitory effect on Tregs. In line with this, a greater amount of Fc receptor-like 3 on the surfaces of Tregs has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis progression [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3374037/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Indeed, variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FCRL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Similar to the effects of NF-kB, these variants may increase production or activity of Fc receptor-like 3, leading to suppression of Treg function, increased formation of antibodies specific for joints, and inflammation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/30423114"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>FCRL3 </em></strong><strong>Results for Rheumatoid Arthritis&nbsp;</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*3832004079958833*</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FCRL3 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs3761959/"><strong>rs3761959</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Not associated with rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Important SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FCRL3 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs2317230/"><strong>rs2317230</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/30423114"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Not associated with rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">*9133924812324206*</p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Recommendations for Reducing Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis&nbsp;</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*9469323772612126*</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Avoid Smoking Cigarettes</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple studies have documented the adverse effects of cigarette smoke on inflammation. Cigarette smoke may suppress the activity of Tregs and increase NF-kB production, suggesting that it may increase the production of Fc receptor-like 3 and support the development of rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5868633/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6361762/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18204137"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16387690"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Smoking cigarettes is a known risk factor for the development of rheumatoid arthritis; approximately 25% of the risk can be attributed to cigarettes alone [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29716677/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30173215/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10323446/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175164/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">While the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis may return to normal once an individual has quit smoking, it seems that it can take up to 20 years for this to occur. Therefore, individuals carrying risk variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FCRL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">may benefit from avoiding cigarettes altogether, or quitting as soon as possible [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175164/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Avoiding cigarette smoke may prevent the development of rheumatoid arthritis by normalizing Treg activity and NF-kB production.&nbsp;</span></p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Sun Exposure</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">sun</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is the best source of </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">vitamin D</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Vitamin D has been reported to lower NF-kB activity and increase levels of Tregs in a number of studies. These observations suggest that vitamin D may reduce production of Fc receptor-like 3 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16455676/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30903715/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31299118/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, it&rsquo;s important to limit time spent in the sun -- long periods of sun exposure have actually been reported to </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">activate </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">NF-kB! This effect was attributed to radiation from the sun&rsquo;s UV rays [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16211268/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many clinical trials have observed that rheumatoid arthritis patients may be deficient in vitamin D, in comparison to their healthy counterparts. In rheumatoid arthritis patients with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation lowered disease activity and associated symptoms, such as pain [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26481198/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22004229/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28582403/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29479872/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30048002/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Note that these results were inconsistent and varied across trials, with some trials demonstrating no changes in disease activity after vitamin D supplementation. Therefore, more studies need to be conducted to support the potential benefits of vitamin D in rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30148432/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26064964/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The sun is the best source of vitamin D. Vitamin D may help manage rheumatoid arthritis by lowering NF-kB activity and increasing levels of Tregs.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Fish Oil (Omega-3)</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to animal studies, omega-3 fatty acids (abundant in </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">fish oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">) may be able to stimulate Treg activity. Omega-3s have also been shown to suppress NF-kB, suggesting that they may reduce production of Fc receptor-like 3 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27006408/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29543869/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29678169/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25976467/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple trials have attested to the benefits of omega-3 in lowering inflammation and ameliorating rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. In a clinical study of rheumatoid arthritis patients, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/olive-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">olive oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> was shown to enhance the effects of fish oil with regards to a number of clinical parameters, such as joint pain [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24081439/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12548439/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346333/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15723739/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Fish oil (omega-3) may reduce symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis by stimulating Treg activity and suppressing NF-kB.&nbsp;</span></p>
477 | content_snp_table_3832004079958833_key == 3832004079958833
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477 | content_snp_table_3832004079958833_hidden == False
477 | content_learn_more_9133924812324206_key == 9133924812324206
477 | content_learn_more_9133924812324206_blur == True
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477 | content_learn_more_9133924812324206_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your FCRL3 gene makes you somewhat more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of rheumatoid arthritis; it’s just one gene related to it. Refraining from smoking cigarettes, increasing your sun exposure (vitamin D), and taking fish oil (omega-3) supplements may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
477 | content_recommendation_9469323772612126_key == 9469323772612126
477 | content_recommendation_9469323772612126_blur == True
477 | content_recommendation_9469323772612126_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs2317230,rs3761959
rsStatus = rs2317230,,chr1,157705207,G,T,,,18,8,HET
rsStatus = rs3761959,FCRL3,chr1,157699488,C,A,G,T,30,0,Normal
