482 | id == 482
482 | category_id == 28
482 | category_order == 25
482 | category_name == Joint Inflammation
482 | category_color == #C47AC0
482 | slug == GLS-rheumatoid-arthritis
482 | title == A Genetic Link Between Amino Acid Conversion & Rheumatoid Arthritis (GLS)
482 | meta_description == GLS may promote joint destruction. Variants of GLS have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Read more here.
482 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The <em>GLS </em>gene helps promote the growth and expansion of cells involved in rheumatoid arthritis progression. Read more to learn how variants of <em>GLS </em>may increase the risk of this autoimmune disorder, and how you may be able to counter their effects.&nbsp;</strong></p>
482 | overall_score_text == Your Rheumatoid Arthritis Score (based on GLS gene)
482 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/MYC-Rheumatoid-arthritis.jpg
482 | author_id == 14
482 | author_name == Shany Lahan
482 | author_title == MS (Neuroscience)
482 | author_order == 5
482 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Shany.webp
482 | author_intro == <p>Shany received her MSc in Neuroscience from Western University.</p>    <p>Prior to joining SelfDecode, Shany conducted research related to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease, and taught science to undergraduate students. She believes that research should be accessible to everyone, regardless of scientific background. Shany joined SelfDecode&nbsp;with a mission to help others optimize their health and wellbeing &ndash; as well as help them understand the science behind it all.</p>
482 | reviewer == None
482 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
482 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
482 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
482 | publish_date == 2020
482 | publish_date == 11
482 | publish_date == 17
482 | avg_rating == 5.0
482 | tags_id == 939
482 | tags_name == Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes
482 | tags_id == 936
482 | tags_name == GLS Gene
482 | tags_id == 659
482 | tags_name == Glutamate
482 | tags_id == 937
482 | tags_name == Glutaminase
482 | tags_id == 938
482 | tags_name == Glutamine
482 | tags_id == 24
482 | tags_name == Inflammation
482 | tags_id == 941
482 | tags_name == Synovial Joint
482 | permissions_favorite == False
482 | permissions_rate == False
482 | content_article == <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GLS </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">codes for glutaminase, an enzyme that helps promote the growth and expansion of cells involved in joint destruction. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GLS </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">may play a role in rheumatoid arthritis by increasing the production or activity of glutaminase. Lifestyle modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by decreasing glutaminase production or activity.&nbsp;</span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>GLS </em></strong><strong>and Rheumatoid Arthritis&nbsp;</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/gls/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GLS</span></em></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">gene codes for glutaminase, an enzyme that helps convert the amino acid </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/l-glutamine-15-proven-health-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">glutamine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> into </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/glutamate/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">glutamate</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The conversion of glutamine into glutamate may be essential for the growth and expansion of a type of cell called fibroblast-like synoviocyte. These cells are found in the most mobile and common type of joint in the human body: the synovial joint [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4306636/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fibroblast-like synoviocytes may play major roles in promoting joint inflammation, the destruction of joints, and the development of rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC130137/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Scientists observed higher levels and greater activity of glutaminase in fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from rheumatoid arthritis patients. In mice with rheumatoid arthritis, blocking glutaminase activity inhibited the growth of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and reduced joint inflammation [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Not surprisingly, variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GLS </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. These variants may increase production or activity of glutaminase, which may lead to the growth and expansion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and consequent joint destruction [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3605761/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944098/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/30423114"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>GLS </em></strong><strong>Results for Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*4853456384199111*</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>GLS </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs13426947/"><strong>rs13426947</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3605761/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Not associated with rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Important SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>GLS </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs11889341/"><strong>rs11889341</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944098/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/30423114"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Not associated with rheumatoid arthritis</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">*4941584145788091*</p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Recommendations for Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*2203819921369747*</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Sun Exposure (Vitamin D)</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The <a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">sun</a> is the best source of <a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vitamin D</a>.</span> <span style="font-weight: 400;">Vitamin D</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> deficiency is more common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in the general population [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3539179/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In two studies of human cells, treatment with vitamin D significantly reduced the production and activity of glutaminase [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5711383/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32360595/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Interestingly, vitamin D was also shown to inhibit the production of an enzyme that helps produce glutamine. This suggests that vitamin D may deplete the &ldquo;fuel&rdquo; (glutamine) necessary for the growth and expansion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5711383/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study of nurses found that those with greater exposure to UVB rays from the sun had the lowest rates of rheumatoid arthritis. Another study found that people who live further from the equator (who are likely to be exposed to less </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">sunlight</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> on average) are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678095/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920915/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to multiple studies, people with a higher intake of vitamin D appear less likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis. However, there are conflicting reports on whether supplementing with vitamin D can improve pain in existing rheumatoid arthritis cases [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14730601/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5466211/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22004229/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The sun is the best source of vitamin D. Sun exposure may help manage rheumatoid arthritis by reducing the production and activity of glutaminase.&nbsp;</span></p>
482 | content_snp_table_4853456384199111_key == 4853456384199111
482 | content_snp_table_4853456384199111_blur == True
482 | content_snp_table_4853456384199111_hidden == False
482 | content_learn_more_4941584145788091_key == 4941584145788091
482 | content_learn_more_4941584145788091_blur == True
482 | content_learn_more_4941584145788091_hidden == False
482 | content_learn_more_4941584145788091_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your GLS gene makes you somewhat more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of rheumatoid arthritis; it’s just one gene related to it. Sun exposure (vitamin D) may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
482 | content_recommendation_2203819921369747_key == 2203819921369747
482 | content_recommendation_2203819921369747_blur == True
482 | content_recommendation_2203819921369747_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs13426947,rs11889341
rsStatus = rs13426947,STAT4,chr2,191068528,G,A,,,31,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs11889341,STAT4,chr2,191079016,C,T,,,18,0,Normal
