508 | id == 508
508 | category_id == 28
508 | category_order == 25
508 | category_name == Joint Inflammation
508 | category_color == #C47AC0
508 | slug == FHL3-rheumatoid-arthritis
508 | title == Prostaglandin Formation & Rheumatoid Arthritis Progression (FHL3)
508 | meta_description == FHL3 helps form prostaglandins. Variants of FHL3 have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Read more here.
508 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The <em>FHL3</em> gene is involved in the formation of prostaglandins. How might variants of <em>FHL3</em> contribute to excessive prostaglandin formation and rheumatoid arthritis progression? Read more to find out.</strong></p>
508 | overall_score_text == Your Rheumatoid Arthritis Score (based on FHL3 gene)
508 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/POU3F1-FHL3-Rheumatoid-arthritis.jpg
508 | author_id == 14
508 | author_name == Shany Lahan
508 | author_title == MS (Neuroscience)
508 | author_order == 5
508 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Shany.webp
508 | author_intro == <p>Shany received her MSc in Neuroscience from Western University.</p>    <p>Prior to joining SelfDecode, Shany conducted research related to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease, and taught science to undergraduate students. She believes that research should be accessible to everyone, regardless of scientific background. Shany joined SelfDecode&nbsp;with a mission to help others optimize their health and wellbeing &ndash; as well as help them understand the science behind it all.</p>
508 | reviewer == None
508 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
508 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
508 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
508 | publish_date == 2020
508 | publish_date == 11
508 | publish_date == 26
508 | avg_rating == 5.0
508 | tags_id == 983
508 | tags_name == COX-2
508 | tags_id == 984
508 | tags_name == CREB
508 | tags_id == 982
508 | tags_name == FHL3 Gene
508 | tags_id == 24
508 | tags_name == Inflammation
508 | tags_id == 71
508 | tags_name == Pain
508 | tags_id == 874
508 | tags_name == PGE2
508 | tags_id == 873
508 | tags_name == Prostaglandins
508 | tags_id == 941
508 | tags_name == Synovial Joint
508 | permissions_favorite == False
508 | permissions_rate == False
508 | content_article == <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FHL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">gene may be involved in the COX-2-mediated formation of prostaglandins, hormone-like substances that have been linked to inflammation and pain. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FHL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">may play a role in rheumatoid arthritis by increasing the production of COX-2. Lifestyle, diet, and supplement modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by lowering COX-2 production and/or activity.&nbsp;</span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FHL3 </em></strong><strong>and Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">FHL3 is a protein that activates the gene regulator CREB [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC102166/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In the brain, CREB plays essential roles in mediating memory formation and consolidation. In the most mobile and common type of joint in the human body (the synovial joint), CREB may promote the formation of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/prostaglandins/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">prostaglandin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> E2 by increasing production of the COX-2 enzyme [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9530494/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19846884/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Prostaglandins are hormone-like substances with many functions, including the ability to promote inflammation and pain in synovial joints. In this manner, prostaglandins may contribute to the progression of the autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22187483/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">FHL3 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. These variants may increase the production of FHL3, leading to the CREB-mediated activation of COX-2 and excess prostaglandin E2 formation [</span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/20453842"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3605761/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944098/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>FHL3</em></strong><strong> Results for Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*6197745557742962*</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FHL3 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs883220/"><strong>rs883220</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/20453842"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467986/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3605761/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Higher odds of rheumatoid arthritis, relative to &lsquo;A&rsquo;&nbsp;</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Lower odds of rheumatoid arthritis, relative to &lsquo;C&rsquo;</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Important SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>FHL3 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs12140275/"><strong>rs12140275</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944098/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Higher odds of rheumatoid arthritis, relative to &lsquo;T&rsquo;&nbsp;</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Lower odds of rheumatoid arthritis, relative to &lsquo;A&rsquo;&nbsp;</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">*5041817873641685*</p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Recommendations for Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*5904538487585850*</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Avoid Cigarettes</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cigarette smoke is well known to stimulate the production and activity of COX-2, thereby increasing levels of prostaglandin E2 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21147199/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Smoking is one of the strongest environmental risk factors for developing rheumatoid arthritis. In one study, 88% of smokers tested positive for </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/rheumatoid-factor/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rheumatoid factor</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> over a period of 10 years [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11085797"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9833699"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Other studies have reported up to 4 times higher odds of having elevated rheumatoid factor in smokers [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1004225/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16403829"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9306868"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10743800"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11085797"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Cigarettes may increase the production and activity of COX-2 and in turn, increase formation of prostaglandin E2. Avoiding cigarettes may help manage rheumatoid arthritis by preventing an increase in COX-2 production and activity.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Increased Omega-3 Intake</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple studies have shown that </span><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">omega-3</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> fatty acids may lower COX-2 activity and production, consequently lowering levels of prostaglandin E2 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27566583/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25356937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15772428/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Studies suggest that increased dietary intake of omega-3 may protect against rheumatoid arthritis. In a meta-analysis of 20 clinical trials, higher omega-3 consumption improved rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and lab markers [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5634864/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28965775/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Good dietary omega-3 sources include [</span><a href="https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Omega3FattyAcids-HealthProfessional/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fish and seafood</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/flaxseed-oil-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Flaxseed</span></a></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Chia seeds</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Walnuts</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/hemp-seeds/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hemp seeds</span></a></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Increasing omega-3 intake may help manage rheumatoid arthritis by lowering the production and activity of COX-2.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Curcumin (Turmeric)</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/curcumin-cures-top-15-scientifically-proven-health-benefits-with-references/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Curcumin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, an active compound found in the yellow spice turmeric, lowered the formation of prostaglandin E2 in synovial joint cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. This effect was attributed to decreased production of COX-2 [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17671742/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Curcumin reduced symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in multiple studies. At high doses, it improved pain, morning stiffness, joint inflammation, and mobility [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7390600/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28850308/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22407780/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, curcumin does not appear to be effective at lower doses. In the available studies, patients only benefited when consuming at least 500 mg per day [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31482684/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Curcumin may help manage rheumatoid arthritis by lowering the production of COX-2 and prostaglandin E2.</span></p>
508 | content_snp_table_6197745557742962_key == 6197745557742962
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508 | content_learn_more_5041817873641685_key == 5041817873641685
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508 | content_learn_more_5041817873641685_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your FHL3 gene makes you somewhat more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis, relative to other variants. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of rheumatoid arthritis; it’s just one gene related to it. Increasing omega-3 intake, avoiding cigarettes, and taking curcumin (turmeric) supplements may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
508 | content_recommendation_5904538487585850_key == 5904538487585850
508 | content_recommendation_5904538487585850_blur == True
508 | content_recommendation_5904538487585850_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs12140275,rs883220
rsStatus = rs12140275,LOC105378654,chr1,38168207,A,T,,,34,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs883220,LOC105378654,chr1,38151199,C,A,,,42,0,Normal
