527 | id == 527
527 | category_id == 29
527 | category_order == 26
527 | category_name == Lupus
527 | category_color == #C47AC0
527 | slug == SLC15A4-lupus
527 | title == A Transport & Inflammatory Signalling Molecule in Lupus (SLC15A4)
527 | meta_description == The SLC15A4 gene helps produce inflammatory signals through NOD1, TLR7, and TLR9. What is its role in lupus?
527 | summary == <p><strong>The <em>SLC15A4 </em>gene helps produce inflammatory signals through NOD1, TLR7, and TLR9. What is its role in lupus? Read on to learn more.</strong></p>
527 | overall_score_text == Your lupus Score (based on SLC15A4)
527 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/SLC15A4-Lupus.jpg
527 | author_id == 1
527 | author_name == Jasmine Foster
527 | author_title == BSc, BEd
527 | author_order == 36
527 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Jasmine.jpg
527 | author_intro == <p><strong>Jasmine received her BS from McGill University and her BEd from Vancouver Island University.</strong></p>    <p>Jasmine loves helping people understand their brains and bodies, a passion that grew out of her dual background in biology and education. From the chem lab to the classroom, everyone has the right to learn and make informed decisions about their health.</p>
527 | reviewer == None
527 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
527 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
527 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
527 | publish_date == 2020
527 | publish_date == 12
527 | publish_date == 4
527 | avg_rating == 5.0
527 | tags_id == 33
527 | tags_name == Autoimmunity
527 | tags_id == 95
527 | tags_name == Immune System
527 | tags_id == 24
527 | tags_name == Inflammation
527 | tags_id == 346
527 | tags_name == Innate Immunity
527 | tags_id == 84
527 | tags_name == Lupus
527 | tags_id == 1010
527 | tags_name == SLC15A4 Gene
527 | permissions_favorite == False
527 | permissions_rate == False
527 | content_article == <h2><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SLC15A4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> encodes a protein called solute carrier family 15 member 4. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SLC15A4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may play a role in lupus by increasing the production of inflammatory signals through the toll-like receptors. Lifestyle, diet, and supplement modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by suppressing TLR signalling.</span></p> <h2><strong><em>SLC15A4</em></strong><strong> and Lupus</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/SLC15A4/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SLC15A4</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene encodes a protein called solute carrier family 15 member 4. This protein transports the amino acid histidine and some short proteins into cells. Mice without SLC15A4 are unable to produce type 1 interferon and other inflammatory signals that rely on <a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/nod1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NOD1</a>, <a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/tlr7/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TLR7</a>, and </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/blog/article/tlr9-crohns-ibs-174/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR9</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/121260"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991581/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/tlr7/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR7</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/tlr9/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR9</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> are members of a family of toll-like receptors which also includes </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/blog/article/article/tlr4-ibd-167"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR4</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sense the presence of bacteria or viruses and trigger an immune response to protect the body from invading pathogens [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/54106"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4041324/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21947771"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30623441"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Most of the time, when TLRs are working correctly, they specifically target potentially dangerous invaders. However, excessive activation of TLRs may result in a person&rsquo;s own proteins or DNA being targeted, which in turn may lead to an autoimmune response [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4041324/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4708030/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Given the connection between the toll-like receptors and autoimmune disease, it&rsquo;s not surprising that variants in </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SLC15A4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> have been linked to lupus [</span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms16021"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838193/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SLC15A4</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene encodes a carrier protein that helps produce inflammatory signals through NOD1, TLR7, and TLR9. Variants in this gene have been associated with lupus.</span></span></p> <h2><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>SLC15A4</em></strong><strong> Results for Lupus</strong></h2> <p>*1762818924515243*</p> <p><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/SLC15A4/"><strong>SLC15A4</strong></a> <a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs1059312/"><strong>rs1059312</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms16021"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Associated with relatively lower rates of lupus</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Associated with relatively higher rates of lupus</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;G&rsquo; allele may activate toll-like receptors and promote an immune response even in the absence of invading pathogens [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/121260"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991581/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/SLC15A4/"><strong>SLC15A4</strong></a> <a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs1385374/"><strong>rs1385374</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838193/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Associated with relatively lower rates of lupus</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Associated with relatively higher rates of lupus</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;T&rsquo; allele may activate toll-like receptors and promote an immune response even in the absence of invading pathogens [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/121260"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991581/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p>*2433096274398993*</p> <h2><strong>Recommendations for Autoimmune Inflammation</strong></h2> <p>*3688744799957988*</p> <h3><strong>Stress Management</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Chronic </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/63-factors-raising-stress-cortisol-level-backed-science/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">stress</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is believed to activate TLR9, contributing to inflammation and long-term detrimental effects on the immune system [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401452/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27793667"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study of 21 people with lupus found that daily </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/63-factors-raising-stress-cortisol-level-backed-science/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">stress</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> worsened performance in cognitive aspects such as visual memory, visual fluency, and attention [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211991/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Several non-placebo-controlled studies found that stress-management psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or counseling may reduce </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/natural-treatments-anxiety/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">anxiety</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and lupus severity while improving quality of life. However, a meta-analysis concluded that the evidence is based on a few, small trials that would require support from further studies [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4199565/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15334437/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20841339/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22570339/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Chronic stress may trigger inflammation through toll-like receptors. Stress-busting strategies are also important for the management of lupus symptoms.</span></p> <h3><strong>Omega-3 Fatty Acids</strong></h3> <p><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">DHA</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a type of omega-3 fatty acid primarily found in fish and fish oil. It is generally considered an anti-inflammatory fat, and it may reduce TLR9 activity [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4916003/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In 6 clinical trials (most of them placebo-controlled) of 230 people with lupus, supplementation with 3-20 g/day </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/fish-oil-top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">omega-3</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> fatty acids for up to 6 months improved the symptoms, fatigue, quality of life, blood vessel function, blood fat profile, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2186476/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1004457/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15290734/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17875549/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538741/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7562770/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, the results are mixed: omega-3 fatty acids were ineffective at improving lupus severity and kidney damage in 4 placebo-controlled trials on 181 people [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8355469/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8172205/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29173690/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3805738/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Omega-3 fatty acids may reduce TLR activity and improve the symptoms of lupus.</span></p> <h3><strong>Curcumin</strong></h3> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/curcumin-cures-top-15-scientifically-proven-health-benefits-with-references/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Curcumin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a natural anti-inflammatory compound extracted from turmeric. Multiple studies have found that it decreases the expression of many toll-like receptor genes, including </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR9 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30623441"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383515001379"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22138522"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a preliminary placebo-controlled trial on 24 lupus patients, short-term </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/curcumin-cures-top-15-scientifically-proven-health-benefits-with-references/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">turmeric</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> supplementation may decrease blood and kidney damage (measured as protein in the urine) along with systolic blood pressure [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21742514/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory compound that decreases the expression of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">TLR9 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">and may improve lupus.</span></span></p>
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527 | content_learn_more_2433096274398993_key == 2433096274398993
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527 | content_learn_more_2433096274398993_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your SLC15A4 gene is somewhat associated with lupus. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of lupus; it’s just one gene related to it. Stress management, omega-3 fatty acids, and curcumin may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
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527 | content_recommendation_3688744799957988_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs1385374,rs1059312
rsStatus = rs1385374,SLC15A4,chr12,128816149,C,T,,,37,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs1059312,SLC15A4,chr12,128794319,A,G,,,26,0,Normal
