599 | id == 599
599 | category_id == 63
599 | category_order == 28
599 | category_name == Skin Health
599 | category_color == #C47AC0
599 | slug == GAS8-melanoma
599 | title == Mechanisms of Cellular Recycling in Melanoma (GAS8)
599 | meta_description == The GAS8 gene may prevent cancer, including melanoma, by promoting autophagy. How can you counteract harmful variants?
599 | summary == <p><strong>The <em>GAS8 </em>gene may prevent cancer, including melanoma, by promoting autophagy. How can you counteract harmful variants? Read on to find out.</strong></p>
599 | overall_score_text == Your Melanoma Score (based on GAS8)
599 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/DBNDD1-GAS8-Melanoma.jpg
599 | author_id == 1
599 | author_name == Jasmine Foster
599 | author_title == BSc, BEd
599 | author_order == 36
599 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Jasmine.jpg
599 | author_intro == <p><strong>Jasmine received her BS from McGill University and her BEd from Vancouver Island University.</strong></p>    <p>Jasmine loves helping people understand their brains and bodies, a passion that grew out of her dual background in biology and education. From the chem lab to the classroom, everyone has the right to learn and make informed decisions about their health.</p>
599 | reviewer == None
599 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
599 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
599 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
599 | publish_date == 2021
599 | publish_date == 1
599 | publish_date == 12
599 | avg_rating == 5.0
599 | tags_id == 105
599 | tags_name == Autophagy
599 | tags_id == 164
599 | tags_name == Cancer
599 | tags_id == 175
599 | tags_name == Coffee
599 | tags_id == 1130
599 | tags_name == DBNDD1 Gene
599 | tags_id == 1129
599 | tags_name == GAS8 Gene
599 | tags_id == 1100
599 | tags_name == Melanoma
599 | tags_id == 1101
599 | tags_name == Skin Cancer
599 | tags_id == 232
599 | tags_name == Vitamin D
599 | permissions_favorite == False
599 | permissions_rate == False
599 | content_article == <h2><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">encodes growth arrest specific protein 8. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may play a role in melanoma by increasing the rate of cell reproduction and decreasing autophagy. Lifestyle, diet, and supplement modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by promoting autophagy and suppressing cancer cell growth.</span></p> <h2><strong><em>GAS8</em></strong><strong> and Melanoma</strong></h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/gas8/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">gene encodes a protein called growth arrest specific 8. This protein plays an essential role in growth and development, especially of cellular structures called cilia [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4966937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mutations in this gene can cause a disease called primary ciliary dyskinesia, or PCD. People with PCD have breathing problems and frequent respiratory, sinus, and ear infections because the cilia help keep the airways, sinuses, and ear canals clear of bacteria and debris. PCD may also cause low fertility, as the cilia are important for the movement of sperm cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4966937/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4596893/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is sometimes missing from breast and prostate cancer cells, so it is currently under investigation as a tumor-suppressing gene [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Variants in this gene have been associated with both melanoma and hair color, suggesting that it has a role in pigment-producing skin cells [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/19578364"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3179913/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a study of stomach cancer patients, </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene expression tends to be abnormally low in cancer cells compared to healthy cells. However, the mechanism by which GAS8 may suppress cancer development is not fully understood, but it may have to do with autophagy [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6820832/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8 or related proteins appear to reduce the reproduction rate of potentially dangerous cells. It may also increase the rate of autophagy, a process by which a cell degrades its dysfunctional or foreign components. The cell can then recycle useful chemical components for other purposes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Autophagy plays a role in preventing the onset of cancer and inhibiting the growth of early-stage cancers. Autophagy suppresses pro-cancer processes such as chronic inflammation, DNA damage response, and genome instability [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26567363"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene may prevent cancer, including melanoma, by promoting autophagy and keeping potentially dangerous cells from reproducing.</span></span></p> <h2><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>GAS8</em></strong><strong> Results for Melanoma</strong></h2> <p>*1408472886787126*</p> <p><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/gas8/"><strong><em>GAS8</em></strong></a> <a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs4785763/"><strong>rs4785763</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/19578364"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Associated with relatively lower rates of melanoma</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Associated with relatively higher rates of melanoma</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele may reduce the rate of autophagy and thereby promote cancer cell growth [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990190/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></li> </ul> <p>*2482527890679007*</p> <h2><strong>Recommendations for Preventing Melanoma</strong></h2> <p>*4685620515576267*</p> <h3><strong>Maintain a Healthy Weight</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Exercise and reduced calorie intake, the two most consistently successful strategies for weight loss, have both been associated with increased autophagy. Thus, a responsible weight management program may have particular benefits for people with detrimental </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> alleles that may decrease autophagy [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2622"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5718973/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22892563"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In men, being obese or overweight has been associated with an increased risk of melanoma in 21 studies of almost 25k people [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11552707/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8166137/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23200191/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Weight loss</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may also help improve the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs for melanoma, as seen in a study in mice [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5142287/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Exercise and reduced calorie intake both increase the rate of autophagy, which may help prevent melanoma.</span></p> <h3><strong>Coffee</strong></h3> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/coffee-may-cause-inflammation/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Coffee</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> has been demonstrated to increase the rate of autophagy in mice. Given the connection between </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> expression and autophagy, people with detrimental variants may benefit from coffee [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24769862"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">High coffee intake is the main protective dietary factor and has been associated with a reduced incidence of melanoma in multiple large-scale studies. In line with the ability of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/caffeine-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">caffeine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to prevent UV-induced burns observed in animal studies, caffeinated coffee provided stronger protection against melanoma than decaffeinated coffee [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25325307/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311176/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695410/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26547919/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4729676/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4600068/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198927/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28891369/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6072575/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32740173/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4966737/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">People with certain variants at the </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/GSTM1/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002"><span style="font-weight: 400;">GSTM1</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://www.selfdecode.com/gene/GSTT1/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002"><span style="font-weight: 400;">GSTT1</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> genes may especially benefit from drinking coffee for melanoma prevention [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23860951/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Coffee has been found to increase autophagy in mice, potentially making it a good choice for people with autophagy-lowering variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">GAS8</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></span></p> <h3><strong>Vitamin D</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In mice and in isolated cells, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">vitamin D</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> induced autophagy in pancreatic &beta;‑cells. More studies are required to determine the relationship between vitamin D and autophagy [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27430408"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Research has found no association between blood </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">vitamin D</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> levels and risk of melanoma, but deficiency in this vitamin predicted a poorer outcome in 2 studies of over 1000 people with melanoma. In a placebo-controlled trial of over 3k women, supplementation with vitamin D and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/calcium-101/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">calcium</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> reduced the incidence of melanoma in those with a history of other skin cancer types [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4996491/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2695831/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22880705/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2773226/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3157967/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Vitamin D deficiency is associated with worse outcomes in melanoma, while vitamin D supplementation increased autophagy in some cells.</span></p>
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599 | content_learn_more_2482527890679007_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your GAS8 gene is somewhat associated with reduced autophagy. However, this doesn't necessarily reflect your overall risk of melanoma; it’s just one gene related to it. Maintaining a healthy weight, drinking coffee, and supplementing with vitamin D may help. Keep scrolling to find out more.
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rsIDs = rs4785763
rsStatus = rs4785763,AFG3L1P,chr16,90000528,A,C,T,,28,10,HET
