600 | id == 600
600 | category_id == 63
600 | category_order == 28
600 | category_name == Skin Health
600 | category_color == #C47AC0
600 | slug == PLA2G6-melanoma
600 | title == Cell Barrier Integrity & Melanoma Progression (PLA2G6)
600 | meta_description == PLA2G6 promotes cell death. Variants of PLA2G6 have been associated with melanoma. Read more here.
600 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong><em>PLA2G6</em> promotes cell death by altering the cell barrier. How might variants of <em>PLA2G6</em> increase the risk of a type of skin cancer called melanoma? Find out below.</strong></p>
600 | overall_score_text == Your Melanoma Score (based on PLA2G6 gene)
600 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/PLA2G6-BAIAP2L2-Melanoma.jpg
600 | author_id == 14
600 | author_name == Shany Lahan
600 | author_title == MS (Neuroscience)
600 | author_order == 5
600 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Shany.webp
600 | author_intro == <p>Shany received her MSc in Neuroscience from Western University.</p>    <p>Prior to joining SelfDecode, Shany conducted research related to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease, and taught science to undergraduate students. She believes that research should be accessible to everyone, regardless of scientific background. Shany joined SelfDecode&nbsp;with a mission to help others optimize their health and wellbeing &ndash; as well as help them understand the science behind it all.</p>
600 | reviewer == None
600 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
600 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
600 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
600 | publish_date == 2021
600 | publish_date == 1
600 | publish_date == 13
600 | avg_rating == 5.0
600 | tags_id == 216
600 | tags_name == Apoptosis
600 | tags_id == 164
600 | tags_name == Cancer
600 | tags_id == 768
600 | tags_name == Cell Death
600 | tags_id == 1132
600 | tags_name == Cell Membrane
600 | tags_id == 276
600 | tags_name == Fatty Acids
600 | tags_id == 1100
600 | tags_name == Melanoma
600 | tags_id == 1133
600 | tags_name == Phospholipids
600 | tags_id == 1131
600 | tags_name == PLA2G6 Gene
600 | tags_id == 1101
600 | tags_name == Skin Cancer
600 | permissions_favorite == False
600 | permissions_rate == False
600 | content_article == <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">PLA2G6 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">codes for a protein that promotes cell death by modulating cell barrier integrity. Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">PLA2G6 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">may play a role in melanoma by altering PLA2G6 production and dysregulating cell death. Lifestyle and diet modifications may counteract the effects of these variants by limiting or balancing levels of PLA2G6.</span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>PLA2G6</em></strong><strong> and Melanoma</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="https://selfdecode.com/gene/pla2g6/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">PLA2G6</span></em></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">gene codes for phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6), an enzyme that breaks down a type of fat called a phospholipid. This releases <a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/what-are-fatty-acids/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fatty acids</a> and other molecules that function as precursors for cellular processes [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8398"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/pla2g6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Phospholipids are abundant in the outermost barrier of cells, or the cell membrane. The regulated breakdown of phospholipids is essential for maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane, and dysregulation of phospholipid breakdown has been suggested to promote programmed cell death (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">apoptosis</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15305016/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Apoptosis supports the immune cell-mediated removal of infected, damaged, or cancerous cells. In cancer, cells are often able to evade apoptosis and continue dividing uncontrollably [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3197541/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although other enzymes exist to balance the effects of PLA2G6 on the cell membrane, one study has reported that PLA2G6 specifically functions to increase the breakdown of phospholipids, thereby contributing to changes in the cell membrane that may promote apoptosis [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10747887/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Interestingly, researchers have hypothesized that low apoptotic activity may actually be beneficial in immune cells that function to clear cancerous cells, suggesting that PLA2G6 levels must remain balanced in order to avoid unwanted effects [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2937220/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Variants of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">PLA2G6 </span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">have been associated with melanoma, a type of skin cancer. These variants may alter the production of PLA2G6, resulting in loss of cell membrane integrity and consequent apoptosis [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/19578364"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06649-5"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Your </strong><strong><em>PLA2G6</em></strong><strong> Results for Melanoma</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*9535310752367065*</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>PLA2G6 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs2284063/"><strong>rs2284063</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392271/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/19578364"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; = Higher odds of melanoma, relative to &lsquo;G&rsquo;</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; = Lower odds of melanoma, relative to &lsquo;A&rsquo;</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Important SNPs:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>PLA2G6 </em></strong><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs132985/"><strong>rs132985</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06649-5"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = Higher odds of melanoma, relative to &lsquo;T&rsquo;</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = Lower odds of melanoma, relative to &lsquo;C&rsquo;</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">*8788728992387123*</p> <h2 style="text-align: left;"><strong>Recommendations for Preventing Melanoma</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">*1842987860193785*</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lifestyle</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Maintaining a Healthy Weight</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Obesity may exacerbate stimulation of apoptotic pathways [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29155300/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In men, being obese or overweight has been associated with an increased risk of melanoma in 21 studies of almost 25,000 people [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11552707/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8166137/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23200191/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://selfhacked.com/blog/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Weight loss</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may also help improve the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs for melanoma, as seen in a study in mice [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5142287/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Maintaining a healthy weight may help prevent melanoma by limiting programmed cell death.</span></p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Reducing Alcohol Intake</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Long-term alcohol intake may significantly increase apoptosis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6001414/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Meta-analyses of 20 studies have associated moderate alcohol consumption with a slight increase (7-18%) in the overall incidence of melanoma. A study of 1374 cases found that alcohol specifically increased the risk of melanoma in sites with low exposure to </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">sunlight</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (such as the trunk) [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24495200/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29327230/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137801/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Reducing alcohol intake may help prevent melanoma by limiting programmed cell death.&nbsp;</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Reducing Glycemic Load</strong></h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">High sugar consumption may suppress apoptosis and promote the survival of cancer cells [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27986350/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The glycemic load is a measure of how much a food increases blood </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/glucose/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">glucose</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> levels without taking into account the rate at which it increases them (as the glycemic index does).</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Two studies on an Italian population of over 1000 people associated the intake of high-glycemic-load foods such as refined flours, sweets, candy bars, and chocolate with an increased incidence of melanoma in women. Conversely, soluble fiber had a protective effect in a small study [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28196548/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769978/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16372927/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Reducing glycemic load may help prevent melanoma by balancing programmed cell death.</span></p>
600 | content_snp_table_9535310752367065_key == 9535310752367065
600 | content_snp_table_9535310752367065_blur == True
600 | content_snp_table_9535310752367065_hidden == False
600 | content_learn_more_8788728992387123_key == 8788728992387123
600 | content_learn_more_8788728992387123_blur == True
600 | content_learn_more_8788728992387123_hidden == False
600 | content_learn_more_8788728992387123_text == Based on the variants we looked at, your PLA2G6 gene is associated with somewhat lower odds of melanoma, relative to other variants. However, other genes and health factors may still contribute to your risk.
600 | content_recommendation_1842987860193785_key == 1842987860193785
600 | content_recommendation_1842987860193785_blur == True
600 | content_recommendation_1842987860193785_hidden == False
rsIDs = rs2284063,rs132985
rsStatus = rs2284063,PLA2G6,chr22,38148291,A,C,G,,33,0,Normal
rsStatus = rs132985,PLA2G6,chr22,38167464,C,G,T,,41,0,Normal
