611 | id == 611
611 | category_id == 96
611 | category_order == 29
611 | category_name == Blood Pressure
611 | category_color == #C47AC0
611 | slug == CYP1A2-caffeine-blood-pressure
611 | title == Genetic Link Between Caffeine and Blood Pressure (CYP1A2)
611 | meta_description == The CYP1A2 enzyme breaks down caffeine. Learn how it all relates to blood pressure, and why your genes matter.
611 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Depending on the CYP1A2 enzyme, caffeine may or may not increase your blood pressure. Read this post to learn how genes impact your CYP1A2 activity and what you can do about it!</strong></p>
611 | overall_score_text == Your Blood Pressure Score (based on CYP1A2 gene)
611 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/CYP1A2-Blood-Pressure.jpg
611 | author_id == 9
611 | author_name == Aleksa Ristic
611 | author_title == MS (Pharmacy)
611 | author_order == 45
611 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Aleksa.jpg
611 | author_intro == <p><strong>Aleksa received his MS in Pharmacy from the University of Belgrade, his master thesis focusing on protein sources in plant-based diets.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>    <p>Aleksa is passionate about herbal pharmacy, nutrition, and functional medicine. He found a way to merge his two biggest passions&mdash;writing and health&mdash;and use them for noble purposes. His mission is to bridge the gap between science and everyday life, helping readers improve their health and feel better.</p>
611 | reviewer == None
611 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
611 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
611 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
611 | publish_date == 2021
611 | publish_date == 1
611 | publish_date == 21
611 | avg_rating == 5.0
611 | tags_id == 172
611 | tags_name == Blood Pressure
611 | tags_id == 510
611 | tags_name == Caffeine
611 | tags_id == 1159
611 | tags_name == CYP1A2
611 | tags_id == 207
611 | tags_name == Exercise
611 | tags_id == 140
611 | tags_name == Metabolism
611 | permissions_favorite == False
611 | permissions_rate == False
611 | content_article == <h2><strong>Summary</strong></h2> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><strong>The CYP1A2 enzyme breaks down caffeine and influences the link between caffeine and blood pressure.<br /><br /></strong><strong>People with a specific gene variant have a less active CYP1A2 enzyme; they may be more prone to caffeine&rsquo;s blood-pressure-increasing effects.<br /><br /></strong><strong>Read this post to learn how to potentially cancel out the impact of your genes on blood pressure.</strong></span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>CYP1A2, Caffeine &amp; Blood Pressure</strong></h2> <p><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/cyp1a2/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">CYP1A2</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a crucial detox enzyme that breaks down toxic chemicals, drugs, hormones, and other metabolic products. It's the primary enzyme responsible for breaking down </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/caffeine-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">caffeine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164225/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750358/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Caffeine generally increases blood pressure, but the link is not straightforward and seems to depend on CYP1A2. Coffee consumption may increase blood pressure in people with a less active CYP1A2 version, while it may have the opposite effects in those with a more active version [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19451835"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22492992/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29522901/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Genetic variants may determine up to 75% of CYP1A2 enzyme activity. Hence, knowing your genes will help you estimate the impact of caffeine on your blood pressure [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12172216/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3346273/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The CYP1A2 enzyme breaks down caffeine and influences the link between caffeine and blood pressure. Genetic variants may determine up to 75% of this enzyme&rsquo;s activity.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Your CYP1A2 Results for Blood Pressure</strong></h2> <p>*9172478659621075*</p> <p><strong>Primary SNP:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://selfdecode.com/snp/rs2472299/"><strong>rs2472299</strong></a> <span style="font-weight: 400;">[</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826379/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;A&rsquo; - associated with relatively higher blood pressure</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;G&rsquo; - associated with relatively lower blood pressure</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The &lsquo;A&rsquo; allele likely reduces the ability of CYP1A2 to break down caffeine.</span></li> </ul> <p>*6942333725331151*</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2><strong>Recommendations to Reduce Blood Pressure</strong></h2> <p>*9980846576040472*</p> <h3><strong>Limit Caffeine Intake</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In one study, people with genetically &lsquo;slower&rsquo; CYP1A2 who drank 2-3 cups of coffee daily had a 72% higher risk of high blood pressure than those who didn&rsquo;t drink coffee. Heavy drinkers (&gt;3 cups/day) were three times more likely to develop high blood pressure [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19451835/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A meta-analysis showed that 410 mg/day of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/caffeine-benefits/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">caffeine</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> increased systolic (by 2.04 mmHg) and diastolic (by 0.73 mmHg) blood pressure. However, the ingestion of caffeine through coffee had a minor effect on blood pressure [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15834273/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another meta-analysis confirmed that caffeine ingestion might increase blood pressure in the short run, while the effect of long-term coffee consumption wasn&rsquo;t significant [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21880846/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Consuming caffeinated energy drinks (especially those supplying over 200 mg caffeine) may raise systolic blood pressure by 4.44 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 2.73 mmHg during the following hours [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27340146/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Higher caffeine intake may increase blood pressure, especially in people with the less active CYP1A2 version.</span></p> <h3><strong>Exercise</strong></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In one trial, regular </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">exercise</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> canceled out the caffeine&rsquo;s blood-pressure-increasing effects in people with the &lsquo;slower&rsquo; CYP1A2 version. Intense exercise may also directly increase CYP1A2 activity [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29522901/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18466106/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple studies show that exercise training may lower blood pressure, both in the first few hours after exercise and in the long term. Guidelines usually recommend aerobic exercise (at least 150 min/week of moderate activity or 75 min/week of vigorous activity) supplemented with resistance training twice weekly [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27512052/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Meta-analyses estimated blood pressure reductions of 12.26 mmHg (systolic/top number) and 6.12 mmHg (diastolic/bottom number) from aerobic exercise. The combination of moderate with high-intensity aerobic exercise (interval training) further enhanced the blood-pressure-lowering effects [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5369884/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31169988/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32401846/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As for resistance training, a single bout may lower blood pressure by up to 8.2 mmHg (systolic) and 4.1 mmHg (diastolic) within the first hours after exercise, while continuous resistance training may lower it by 4-5 mmHg (systolic) and 1.7-5 (diastolic). However, resistance training should be used with caution because it increases blood pressure during exercise [</span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27512052/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28769100/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26467494/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30086274/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Exercise may cancel out the blood pressure-increasing effects of caffeine in people with the less active CYP1A2 version. Try to mix aerobic and resistance training for optimal results.</span></p>
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rsIDs = rs2472299
rsStatus = rs2472299,,chr15,74741059,A,G,T,,13,19,HET
