72 | id == 72
72 | category_id == 6
72 | category_order == 4
72 | category_name == Thyroid
72 | category_color == #C47AC0
72 | slug == SH2B3-Thyroid-Autoimmunity
72 | title == Is This Gene Connected To Autoimmunity And Thyroid Health? (SH2B3)
72 | meta_description == Two SH2B3 gene variants may be associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Read on to learn more about this gene!
72 | summary == <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>The <em>SH2B3</em> gene has many important functions, including controlling inflammation, immunity, blood cell production, and more. Two <em>SH2B3</em> variants in particular have been associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto&#39;s and Graves&#39; disease. Read on to learn more about this gene and how it may relate to your thyroid and autoimmune health!</strong></p>
72 | overall_score_text == Thyroid Autoimmunity Score (based on SH2B3)
72 | image == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/background/SH2B3_Thyroid_post_image.jpg
72 | author_id == 9
72 | author_name == Aleksa Ristic
72 | author_title == MS (Pharmacy)
72 | author_order == 45
72 | author_photo == https://sd-selfdecode-assets-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/author-photo/Aleksa.jpg
72 | author_intro == <p><strong>Aleksa received his MS in Pharmacy from the University of Belgrade, his master thesis focusing on protein sources in plant-based diets.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>    <p>Aleksa is passionate about herbal pharmacy, nutrition, and functional medicine. He found a way to merge his two biggest passions&mdash;writing and health&mdash;and use them for noble purposes. His mission is to bridge the gap between science and everyday life, helping readers improve their health and feel better.</p>
72 | reviewer_id == 4
72 | reviewer_name == Matt Carland
72 | reviewer_title == PhD
72 | medical_reviewer_id == 11
72 | medical_reviewer_name == Puya Yazdi
72 | medical_reviewer_title == MD
72 | publish_date == 2019
72 | publish_date == 11
72 | publish_date == 9
72 | avg_rating == 5.0
72 | tags_id == 33
72 | tags_name == Autoimmunity
72 | tags_id == 213
72 | tags_name == Celiac Disease
72 | tags_id == 96
72 | tags_name == Cytokines
72 | tags_id == 212
72 | tags_name == Gluten
72 | tags_id == 83
72 | tags_name == Grave's Disease
72 | tags_id == 48
72 | tags_name == Hashimoto's
72 | tags_id == 43
72 | tags_name == Hypothyroidism
72 | tags_id == 95
72 | tags_name == Immune System
72 | tags_id == 24
72 | tags_name == Inflammation
72 | tags_id == 117
72 | tags_name == Levothyroxine
72 | tags_id == 211
72 | tags_name == SH2B3 Gene
72 | tags_id == 41
72 | tags_name == Thyroid
72 | permissions_favorite == False
72 | permissions_rate == False
72 | content_article == <table style="width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" border="1" cellpadding="10"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 100%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Note:</strong> The </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene is mentioned in SelfDecode&rsquo;s </span><a href="https://get.selfdecode.com/gene-reports/cardiovascular/"><strong><em>Cardiovascular DNA Wellness Report</em></strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://get.selfdecode.com/gene-reports/inflammation/"><strong><em>Inflammation DNA Wellness Report</em></strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, along with many other important genes. If you're looking for comprehensive reports that can help you combat inflammation and improve heart health, check them out!</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>SH2B3</em>: A Multi-Purpose Gene</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The </span><a href="../../gene/sh2b3/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> codes for </span><strong><em>SH2B adapter protein 3</em></strong><strong> (SH2B3)</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;">, or </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">lymphocyte adapter protein</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (LNK). This protein has a wide variety of functions throughout the body, and helps regulate a wide range of important pathways including [</span><a href="https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/SH2B3"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Inflammation and the immune response</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Blood cell formation (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">hematopoiesis</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">)</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cell growth and migration</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Due to its wide range of functions, this gene has considerable significance for human health: studies have linked several </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> mutations and variants with a number of autoimmune conditions, heart disease, blood disorders, and more [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21723852"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.04887"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In this post, we&rsquo;ll be focusing on the role of SH2B3 in controlling inflammation and the immune system, and how this might relate to thyroid autoimmunity.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">The <em>SH2B3</em> gene helps regulate inflammation, blood cell formation, and other vital pathways. Certain variants in this gene have been associated with a wide range of health conditions, including autoimmune disorders.</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>How Does The <em>SH2B3</em> Gene Work?</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although we don't know exactly how variants in this gene might lead to specific forms of thyroid disorders, scientists have proposed a few potential pathways in the immune system that might account for some of this gene&rsquo;s effects.</span></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Fine-Tuning The Immune System</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">When it comes to thyroid health, the main influence of this gene may stem from its ability to counteract the activity of different immune system components, such as T-cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and various growth factors [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19648290/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">For example, in thyroid autoimmunity, overactive T cells stimulate the production of different thyroid antibodies. </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> acts to prevent this by keeping pro-inflammatory cytokines &mdash; such as </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/supplements-lifestyle-factors-influence-tnf-interleukin-6-il-6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF-alpha</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and IL-6 &mdash; in check [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10799879"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4811117/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21723852"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Inflammation Damper</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some evidence suggests this gene may also be involved in suppressing or fine-tuning the inflammatory response. For example, a rare human case of a genetic </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> loss resulted in early-onset Hashimoto's disease, along with other developmental issues [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3790510/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]. In mice without this protein, scientists have observed over-production of inflammatory cytokines [</span><a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.04887"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">These findings suggest a significant suppressive effect of the SH2B3 protein on cytokines that keeps inflammation in check. Hence, </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> variants associated with thyroid autoimmunity probably reduce the activity of this gene, which then fails to suppress self-attacking antibodies. More research will be needed to clarify the exact mechanisms further.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;"><em>SH2B3</em> keeps inflammation in check by suppressing cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1b. Due to certain genetic variants, <em>SH2B3</em> may fail to control an overactive immune response, opening the door to autoimmunity. Further research should clarify the exact mechanisms.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>SH2B3</em> Variants And Thyroid Health</strong></h3> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The above-discussed roles of SH2B3 in inflammation and autoimmunity can be crucial when it comes to thyroid health. Many thyroid disorders have an autoimmune background: autoimmune thyroid disorders are conditions in which the immune system targets the thyroid gland and alters its function. There are two main types [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3189552/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/hashimotos/"><strong>Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease</strong></a><strong>:</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;"> T-cells and antibodies target the thyroid gland and attack its tissues, resulting in thyroid hormone deficiency (</span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/low-thyroid-hormones-low-t3-syndrome/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">hypothyroidism</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">).</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/graves-disease/"><strong>Graves&rsquo; disease</strong></a><strong>:</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;"> antibodies bind to the thyroid gland causing it to be chronically stimulated, resulting in the over-production of thyroid hormones (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">hyperthyroidism</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">).</span></li> </ul> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Hashimoto&rsquo;s Disease (Autoimmune Hypothyroidism)</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A comprehensive study of nearly 40,000 participants identified one </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> variant associated with low thyroid hormones (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">hypothyroidism</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">). People with the &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele for </span><a href="../../snp/rs3184504/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs3184504</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> had significantly lower rates of this condition [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321023/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another group of researchers investigated the connection between this variant and Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease, an autoimmune disorder that lurks behind most cases of hypothyroidism. Once again, the &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele showed a negative association with Hashimoto&rsquo;s [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28382505"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Graves&rsquo; Disease (Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism)</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> lies next to the </span><a href="../../gene/atxn2/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATXN2</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> gene</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and they share certain variants. One of them, </span><a href="../../snp/rs653178/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rs653178</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, was associated with Graves&rsquo; disease (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">autoimmune hyperthyroidism</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">) in over 1,400 subjects. Carriers of the &lsquo;C&rsquo; allele had 28% higher rates of GD [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25345847"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Previously,&nbsp; in a large trial of 18,000, rs653178-C correlated with the presence of antibodies to </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">thyroid peroxidase</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (TPO-Ab). These antibodies are one of the hallmarks of thyroid autoimmunity, common in both Graves&rsquo; and Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease patients [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3937134/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5422478/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, one potential limitation of these studies is that scientists observed all of the above findings among people of European ancestry &mdash; and therefore it remains an open question whether these same genetic factors apply to other ethnic populations as well.</span></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Other Conditions</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Besides thyroid health, the above variants correlate with an array of conditions such as:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Heart disease and high blood pressure (</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">hypertension</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112102/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2891673/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Diabetes (type-1) [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150451/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2492393/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rheumatoid arthritis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19648290/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21383967/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032060/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2673512/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Multiple sclerosis [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20508602/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Colon and endometrial cancer [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664893/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">]</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood disorders and blood cell counts [<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29397849">R</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28641622">R</a>, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28865245">R</a>]</li> </ul> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Your <em>SH2B3</em> Results For Thyroid Autoimmunity</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">You can see your genotype for several </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> SNPs in the table below. However, note that the variants discussed below are just associated with some aspects of thyroid health. That does not mean they will necessarily make you more prone to thyroid disorders! More research will be needed to determine whether and how much they may directly contribute to the actual development of these thyroid conditions.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>*3560262788326958*</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Primary SNPs:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>SH2B3</em></strong> <a href="../../snp/rs3184504/"><strong>rs3184504</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = correlates with lower rates of hypothyroidism and Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = doesn&rsquo;t correlate with hypothyroidism or Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>SH2B3</em></strong> <a href="../../snp/rs653178/"><strong>rs653178</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">:</span></p> <ul style="text-align: justify;"> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;T&rsquo; = doesn&rsquo;t correlate with Graves&rsquo; disease</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">&lsquo;C&rsquo; = correlates with higher rates of Graves&rsquo; disease</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>Population Frequency:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">These two SNPs are almost always inherited together, which means that they essentially act as one single genetic factor.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Additionally, this also means that they have the same population frequencies: approximately </span><strong>72% of European descendants</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;"> have both of the &ldquo;problematic&rdquo; alleles (&lsquo;T&rsquo; and &lsquo;C&rsquo;, respectively), whereas the frequency of these alleles ranges from 1-12% in other groups, such as Asian and African populations.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>*9094714811715199*</strong></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Recommendations To Support The Thyroid</strong></h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">There isn&rsquo;t any known way to prevent Graves&rsquo; or Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease &mdash; but doctors can successfully treat these conditions with medications once diagnosed.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The symptoms of Graves&rsquo; disease can include sudden weight loss, increased heart rate, sweating, and shaky hands</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease can manifest with fatigue, a pale and/or puffy face, weight gain, and intolerance to cold temperatures [<a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20356240">R</a>, </span><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20351855"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you think you may be experiencing any of these symptoms, it&rsquo;s important to consult with your doctor to ensure you get adequate medical care!</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In the following sections, we&rsquo;ll detail some lifestyle, diet, and supplement choices that may help alongside medical treatment. However, keep in mind that these complementary approaches should not replace standard treatment; be sure to discuss them with your doctor first!</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>*2401655391608441*</strong></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diet</strong></h3> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Please note that the dietary approaches discussed below haven&rsquo;t been medically approved when it comes to thyroid disorders. Speak with your doctor before making any major dietary and lifestyle changes!</span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Autoimmune thyroid disorders and celiac disease often go hand-in-hand, and </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> variants correlate with both of them. The most common autoimmune condition associated with </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">non-celiac gluten sensitivity</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (NCGS) is Hashimoto&rsquo;s disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27256300"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18611971"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5897856/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In patients with celiac disease, gluten can increase levels of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/supplements-lifestyle-factors-influence-tnf-interleukin-6-il-6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF-&alpha;</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/interleukin-6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IL-6</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/interleukin-1/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IL-1b</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> &mdash; each of which may play a crucial role in </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">-related autoimmunity. Additionally, people with inflammatory gut conditions &mdash; such as </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/causes-ibs-general-gut-dysfunction/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">irritable bowel syndrome</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, or IBS &mdash; are often sensitive to gluten as well [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705319/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5866307/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a trial study in 34 women with </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">autoimmune thyroid disease</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (AITD), a gluten-free diet reduced the levels of antibodies and resulted in mild clinical improvements. However, it had no apparent benefits for the thyroid in 27 adults with AITD and celiac disease [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22126672"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dietary lectins may also worsen inflammation in people sensitive to them. For example, lectins contributed to autoimmunity in one study with rheumatoid arthritis patients. Preliminary research suggests that avoiding lectins may reduce the symptoms of autoimmune conditions in sensitive individuals [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884708"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599185"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, lectins increased levels of </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/supplements-lifestyle-factors-influence-tnf-interleukin-6-il-6/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">TNF-alpha</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">&nbsp;in several animal and cell-based studies [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2044082"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11504795"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996585/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Further research should clarify the possible connection between lectins and autoimmunity in humans.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Elimination diets such as the </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/elimination-diet-safest-foods-people-sensitive-everything/"><strong>Lectin Avoidance Diet</strong></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> may help identify common food irritants &mdash; such as lectins and gluten &mdash; that may be worsening inflammation in sensitive individuals [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884708"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599185"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5647120/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400; background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">People with autoimmune conditions may be more likely to have sensitivities to certain dietary compounds, such as gluten or lectins, which may further contribute to <em>SH2B3</em>-related conditions. Giving elimination diets a try may help identify these food sensitivities, although their therapeutic potential is not well-researched.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Supplements</strong></h3> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Keep in mind that the FDA hasn't approved myo-inositol or fish oil supplements for thyroid disorders. Supplements often lack solid clinical research compared to more conventional treatments, and you should always speak with your doctor before trying out any new supplements for yourself.</span></em></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Myo-Inositol</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Different types of inositol were able to reduce IL-1b, IL-6, and other </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">SH2B3</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">-related cytokines in animal trials. These inflammatory components were higher in animals deficient in </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/myoinositol/"><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">myo-inositol</span></em></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29544771"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22298451"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24028624"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In combination with </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/health-benefits-selenium/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">selenium</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, myo-inositol was able to reduce thyroid antibodies and improve some symptoms of autoimmune hypothyroidism in three clinical trials of 156 patients in total. However, two of these lacked placebo control groups, making their results questionable. More research will be needed to follow up on and confirm these preliminary findings [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28724175"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5331475/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtr/2013/424163/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <h5 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Fish Oil / Omega-3</strong></h5> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Long-term supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids from </span><a href="https://selfhacked.com/blog/fish-oil-top-22-science-based-health-benefits-of-fish-oil/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">fish oil</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (EPA + DHA) significantly reduced IL-6 and IL-1b (but not TNF-&alpha;) in 174 patients [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18541548"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Omega-3s from fish oil may help with various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. According to one review: &ldquo;</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Many of the placebo-controlled trials of fish oil in chronic inflammatory diseases reveal significant benefit, including decreased disease activity and a lowered use of anti-inflammatory drugs</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">&rdquo; [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12480795"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11802309"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, the effectiveness of fish oil for managing autoimmune thyroid issues has not been researched in depth. Some early studies have reported that fish oil increased the thyroid hormone </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">thyroxine</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (T4) in a clinical trial of 66 participants. Additionally, a few animal studies have reported that it stimulated thyroid receptors and protected against hypothyroidism in mice [</span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3698653/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19793640"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11691645"><span style="font-weight: 400;">R</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">].</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">More research will be needed to get a better understanding of how effective fish oil might be for autoimmune thyroid disorders.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #e8ebfc; border-left: 2px solid #4569fa; display: block; padding: 20px;">Fish oil may reduce some <em>SH2B3</em>-related cytokines. It has shown benefits for different inflammatory and autoimmune conditions &mdash; but its effects on the thyroid are not well-researched.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>
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72 | content_learn_more_9094714811715199_text == Some of your SH2B3 variants have been associated with thyroid autoimmunity. However, keep in mind that this score represents only one of many different genetic and environmental factors that can influence thyroid health. Some dietary changes and supplements may help by reducing inflammation and supporting the thyroid — read on to learn more!
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